Many of the requests I handled during my tenure with the Saudi Aramco enterprise was for the names of experts in specific technologies. An excellent starting point for identification of experts is a technical article database like Academic Search Complete.
Searching Academic Search Complete using the term “desulfurization” turns up a large number of recent technical articles. And in addition to the cite and abstract of each article, the list of author(s) of the article often include an email address.
Here, for example, are four recent articles on the desulfurization topic. You will note that each of them includes the email address of one of the authors.
APPLICATION OF NEW ZRO2-SBA-15 MATERIALS AS CATALYTIC SUPPORTS: STUDY OF INTRINSIC ACTIVITY OF MO CATALYSTS IN DEEP HDS.
Authors:GutiƩrrez, Oliver Y.1
Ayala, Erika1
Puente, Ivan1
Klimova, Tatiana1 klimova@servidor.unam.mx
Source:Chemical Engineering Communications; Oct2009, Vol. 196 Issue 10, p1163-1177, 15p, 3 charts, 5 graphs
Efficient oxidation of thiophene derivatives with homogeneous and heterogeneous MTO/H2O2 systems: A novel approach for, oxidative desulfurization (ODS) of diesel fuel.
Authors:Di Giuseppe, Andrea1
Crucianelli, Marcello1 marcello.crucianelli@univaq.it
De Angelis, Francesco1
Crestini, Claudia2
Saladino, Raffaele3 saladino@unitus.it
Source:Applied Catalysis B: Environmental; Jul2009, Vol. 89 Issue 1/2, p239-245, 7p
Efficient oxidation of thiophene derivatives with homogeneous and heterogeneous MTO/H2O2 systems: A novel approach for, oxidative desulfurization (ODS) of diesel fuel.
Authors:Di Giuseppe, Andrea1
Crucianelli, Marcello1 marcello.crucianelli@univaq.it
De Angelis, Francesco1
Crestini, Claudia2
Saladino, Raffaele3 saladino@unitus.it
Source:Applied Catalysis B: Environmental; Jul2009, Vol. 89 Issue 1/2, p239-245, 7p
Removal of hazardous gaseous pollutants from industrial flue gases by a novel multi-stage fluidized bed desulfurizer
Authors:Mohanty, C.R.1
Adapala, Sivaji2
Meikap, B.C.2 bcmeikap@che.iitkgp.ernet.in
Source:Journal of Hazardous Materials; Jun2009, Vol. 165 Issue 1-3, p427-434, 8p
If you have access to Academic Search Complete or a similar database, try mining it for experts.
Sunday, May 31, 2009
Saturday, May 30, 2009
Major Majors
Major oil companies, like ExxonMobil, ChevronTexaco, and Saudi Aramco, are famously close-mouthed about their activities, and for good reason … none of them wants the competition to know what they’re up to.
At the same time, they all want to be viewed by the world at large as being on the cutting edge of technology as they strive to supply our insatiable demand for hydrocarbon products. Toward this end, they produce publicly available magazines and journals with all kinds of information that, when analyzed, can create a good picture of where they are focusing their resources.
Case in point … Saudi Aramco. Saudi Aramco is a national oil company, which adds a dimension to their activities beyond that of a major like ExxonMobil. You can get a sense of the connection between government and economic entities by visiting http://www.planning.gov.sa/home/Home/English/, where you will find Future Vision for Saudi Economy. This site links to another page, reproduced below ….
Research and Development
Saudi Aramco's new Research and Development Center in Dhahran is a blend of traditional and modern architectural styles.
The Research and Development Center reflects the company's continuing and expanding commitment to the future of petroleum research, to development in the Kingdom, and to achievement in research. This new facility will enable scientists and engineers to effect a shift in focus from service orientation to a blend of specialized services and applied research.
"Research and development work is not new to us at Saudi Aramco. What's new about this project is that it provides a better work environment for the scientists of our company to help unleash their innovation and creativity. The nature and size of our oil fields and the huge magnitude of our operations as the largest integrated petroleum company in the world, and the operational challenges that we face during the execution of our activities, pose unique challenges and require solutions that cannot be brought in from somewhere else in the world." - Saudi Aramco President and CEO Abdallah S. Jum'ah.
Source: http://www.planning.gov.sa/home/Home/English/Key%20topics/Energy/Documents/Oil%20And%20GasE/oil%20and%20gase8.htm
Since Saudi Aramco, like other majors, is becoming increasingly interested in heavy crude, which has a high sulfur content, you might find it useful to bookmark the two following official, publicly available Saudi Aramco publications, to follow how this organization is dealing with the desulfurization issue.
Saudi Aramco Dimensions
http://www.saudiaramco.com/irj/portal/anonymous
Saudi Aramco Journal of Technology
http://www.saudiaramco.com/irj/portal/anonymous?favlnk=%2FSaudiAramcoPublic%2Fdocs%2FNews+Room%2FPublications%2FJournal+of+Technology&ln=en
At the same time, they all want to be viewed by the world at large as being on the cutting edge of technology as they strive to supply our insatiable demand for hydrocarbon products. Toward this end, they produce publicly available magazines and journals with all kinds of information that, when analyzed, can create a good picture of where they are focusing their resources.
Case in point … Saudi Aramco. Saudi Aramco is a national oil company, which adds a dimension to their activities beyond that of a major like ExxonMobil. You can get a sense of the connection between government and economic entities by visiting http://www.planning.gov.sa/home/Home/English/, where you will find Future Vision for Saudi Economy. This site links to another page, reproduced below ….
Research and Development
Saudi Aramco's new Research and Development Center in Dhahran is a blend of traditional and modern architectural styles.
The Research and Development Center reflects the company's continuing and expanding commitment to the future of petroleum research, to development in the Kingdom, and to achievement in research. This new facility will enable scientists and engineers to effect a shift in focus from service orientation to a blend of specialized services and applied research.
"Research and development work is not new to us at Saudi Aramco. What's new about this project is that it provides a better work environment for the scientists of our company to help unleash their innovation and creativity. The nature and size of our oil fields and the huge magnitude of our operations as the largest integrated petroleum company in the world, and the operational challenges that we face during the execution of our activities, pose unique challenges and require solutions that cannot be brought in from somewhere else in the world." - Saudi Aramco President and CEO Abdallah S. Jum'ah.
Source: http://www.planning.gov.sa/home/Home/English/Key%20topics/Energy/Documents/Oil%20And%20GasE/oil%20and%20gase8.htm
Since Saudi Aramco, like other majors, is becoming increasingly interested in heavy crude, which has a high sulfur content, you might find it useful to bookmark the two following official, publicly available Saudi Aramco publications, to follow how this organization is dealing with the desulfurization issue.
Saudi Aramco Dimensions
http://www.saudiaramco.com/irj/portal/anonymous
Saudi Aramco Journal of Technology
http://www.saudiaramco.com/irj/portal/anonymous?favlnk=%2FSaudiAramcoPublic%2Fdocs%2FNews+Room%2FPublications%2FJournal+of+Technology&ln=en
Wednesday, May 27, 2009
Diving for Pearls: Pearl Gas-to-Liquids Plant, Ras Laffan, Qatar
Pearl Gas-to-Liquids Plant, Ras Laffan, Qatar
No research organization is more innovative in the pursuit of desulfurization technology than Shell Global Solutions. Just take a look at the project described below, for example …
Under the development and production sharing agreement with the government of the state of Qatar, the fully integrated Pearl Gas-to-Liquids (GTL) project is being developed in Ras Laffan, Qatar. Shell is sourcing funds for this project from its internal accruals. The production from the first Pearl GTL train is to begin in the last quarter of 2010.
Pearl GTL opens a new global market for Qatari natural gas and allows Qatar to contribute constructively to improve the local environment by supplying a cleaner alternative transport fuel. Shell has extensive expertise in all aspects of the gas-to-liquids (GTL) value chain.
Gas-to-Liquids technology
The technology that supports the two-train Pearl GTL plant is called Shell middle distillate synthesis (SMDS). Proved and tested at Bintulu GTL plant (1993) in Malaysia, this technology evolved over three decades of research and development by Shell. The Bintulu GTL Plant has the capacity to produce 14,700 barrels a day (bpd). SMDS helps in reduction of capital expenditure and allows for faster processing. This technology will enable Shell to increase the production capacity of Pearl GTL.
"The fully integrated Pearl GTL project is being developed in Ras Laffan, Qatar."Cleaner fuel
GTL is sulphur free, colourless and odourless. It is considered as a cleaner burning fuel than motor diesel.
Tests conducted by Shell in cooperation with Toyota, Volkswagen and DaimlerChrysler at different cities proved that GTL fuel emitted fewer polluting emissions than standard diesel.
source: http://www.chemicals-technology.com/projects/pearl-gtl/
No research organization is more innovative in the pursuit of desulfurization technology than Shell Global Solutions. Just take a look at the project described below, for example …
Under the development and production sharing agreement with the government of the state of Qatar, the fully integrated Pearl Gas-to-Liquids (GTL) project is being developed in Ras Laffan, Qatar. Shell is sourcing funds for this project from its internal accruals. The production from the first Pearl GTL train is to begin in the last quarter of 2010.
Pearl GTL opens a new global market for Qatari natural gas and allows Qatar to contribute constructively to improve the local environment by supplying a cleaner alternative transport fuel. Shell has extensive expertise in all aspects of the gas-to-liquids (GTL) value chain.
Gas-to-Liquids technology
The technology that supports the two-train Pearl GTL plant is called Shell middle distillate synthesis (SMDS). Proved and tested at Bintulu GTL plant (1993) in Malaysia, this technology evolved over three decades of research and development by Shell. The Bintulu GTL Plant has the capacity to produce 14,700 barrels a day (bpd). SMDS helps in reduction of capital expenditure and allows for faster processing. This technology will enable Shell to increase the production capacity of Pearl GTL.
"The fully integrated Pearl GTL project is being developed in Ras Laffan, Qatar."Cleaner fuel
GTL is sulphur free, colourless and odourless. It is considered as a cleaner burning fuel than motor diesel.
Tests conducted by Shell in cooperation with Toyota, Volkswagen and DaimlerChrysler at different cities proved that GTL fuel emitted fewer polluting emissions than standard diesel.
source: http://www.chemicals-technology.com/projects/pearl-gtl/
Bridge to Somewhere
One of the ongoing challenges in the desulfurization arena is bridging the gap from cutting edge research to real world application. Building this bridge is what the Argonne National Laboratory is all about. Here is one example …
Integrated Fuel Technologies Gets Worldwide License for Argonne-Developed Diesel DeNOx Catalyst
Technology reduces nitrogen oxide emissions by stunning 95 percent
A new, patented catalyst developed by scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory to reliably and economically reduce 95 to 100 percent of the nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions from diesel-fueled engines has been licensed to Integrated Fuel Technologies, Inc. (IFT), a start-up company based in Kirkland, Wash.
IFT plans to integrate the technology – named Diesel DeNOx Catalyst – into the firm's existing products that reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, said IFT president Robert Firebaugh. The products could be sold to original equipment manufacturers (OEMs).
For More Information
For technical information, contact Dr. Christopher Marshall (630-252-4310, marshall@anl.gov). Media please contact Angela Hardin (630/252-5501 or ahardin@anl.gov).
source: http://www.cmt.anl.gov/Catalysis_and_Energy_Conversion/Denox_Catalyst.shtml
Granted, this particular example is not directly related to desulfurization, but you can bet they are working on that problem, as well.
Integrated Fuel Technologies Gets Worldwide License for Argonne-Developed Diesel DeNOx Catalyst
Technology reduces nitrogen oxide emissions by stunning 95 percent
A new, patented catalyst developed by scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory to reliably and economically reduce 95 to 100 percent of the nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions from diesel-fueled engines has been licensed to Integrated Fuel Technologies, Inc. (IFT), a start-up company based in Kirkland, Wash.
IFT plans to integrate the technology – named Diesel DeNOx Catalyst – into the firm's existing products that reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, said IFT president Robert Firebaugh. The products could be sold to original equipment manufacturers (OEMs).
For More Information
For technical information, contact Dr. Christopher Marshall (630-252-4310, marshall@anl.gov). Media please contact Angela Hardin (630/252-5501 or ahardin@anl.gov).
source: http://www.cmt.anl.gov/Catalysis_and_Energy_Conversion/Denox_Catalyst.shtml
Granted, this particular example is not directly related to desulfurization, but you can bet they are working on that problem, as well.
CoMoCat
Thin walled carbon nanotubes have shown promise as a means of desulfurization. (See, for example, the article cited at the end of this blog entry.) The high cost of manufacturing such nanotubes, however, has made the economics of this type of desulfurization prohibitive.
That’s why the work of Carbon Nanotubes Research @ Oklahoma State University is so fascinating. According to their Web site …
“At the University of Oklahoma we pointed out that the catalytic decomposition method was suitable for scaling up and for achieving a "controlled production" of SWNT. By this we implied the ability to control the selectivity towards SWNT by changing catalyst parameters and operating conditions, all combined with the ability to obtain a reliable quantitative measurement of the amount of SWNT produced.
“For the last 8 years we have been performing research on the development and optimization of a cost effective method that we named CoMoCat process. Our expertise in heterogeneous catalysis allowed us to tailor the material in such a way that selectivity and yield are maximized. The method employed involves disproportionation of CO at moderate pressure and temperature, which results in a scalable, cost-effective process.”
Read more at: http://www.ou.edu/engineering/nanotube/home.html
READ an article describing the carbon nanotube potential at …
Study of Dibenzothiophene Adsorption Over Carbon Nanotube Supported CoMo HDS Catalysts, Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 13(2004)209-217, Haiyang Chen, Xichen Zhou, Hongyan Shang, Chenguang Liu, Jieshan Qiu, Fei Wei (www.bjb.dicp.ac.cn/jngc/2004/2004-04-209.pdf)
That’s why the work of Carbon Nanotubes Research @ Oklahoma State University is so fascinating. According to their Web site …
“At the University of Oklahoma we pointed out that the catalytic decomposition method was suitable for scaling up and for achieving a "controlled production" of SWNT. By this we implied the ability to control the selectivity towards SWNT by changing catalyst parameters and operating conditions, all combined with the ability to obtain a reliable quantitative measurement of the amount of SWNT produced.
“For the last 8 years we have been performing research on the development and optimization of a cost effective method that we named CoMoCat process. Our expertise in heterogeneous catalysis allowed us to tailor the material in such a way that selectivity and yield are maximized. The method employed involves disproportionation of CO at moderate pressure and temperature, which results in a scalable, cost-effective process.”
Read more at: http://www.ou.edu/engineering/nanotube/home.html
READ an article describing the carbon nanotube potential at …
Study of Dibenzothiophene Adsorption Over Carbon Nanotube Supported CoMo HDS Catalysts, Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 13(2004)209-217, Haiyang Chen, Xichen Zhou, Hongyan Shang, Chenguang Liu, Jieshan Qiu, Fei Wei (www.bjb.dicp.ac.cn/jngc/2004/2004-04-209.pdf)
Tuesday, May 26, 2009
Who’s On First
Part of sucessfuel research strategy depends on knowing what the competition is after. That is why researching masters theses is of interest. Occasionally, you will discover actual science that will help solve problems your organization is grappling with. More often, you may be able to identify talent to recruit in your effort. And sometimes you will be able to determine the problems your competition is concerned with. By way of example, here is a masters thesis produced by a candidate for Master of Science with the King Fahad University of Petroleum and Minerals in Saudi Arabia. You can view the full text of the thesis at the URL listed below.
Desulfurization of Gasoline and Diesel Fuels, Using Non-Hydrogen Consuming Techniques
Abdullah Al-Malki
Master of Science
October 2004
King Fahad University of Petroleum and Minerals
Chemistry
Source http://eprints.kfupm.edu.sa/10518/1/10518.pdf
Desulfurization of Gasoline and Diesel Fuels, Using Non-Hydrogen Consuming Techniques
Abdullah Al-Malki
Master of Science
October 2004
King Fahad University of Petroleum and Minerals
Chemistry
Source http://eprints.kfupm.edu.sa/10518/1/10518.pdf
Monday, May 25, 2009
Part of the Solution
Thousands of brilliant minds are exploring the technical challenges that face us as a civilization. There are a few of these people who serve as focal points from which to begin to explore a particular technical topic. One way to identify the “focal points” is to research the names cited in a document like “Basic Research Needs: Catalysis for Energy (http://www.er.doe.gov/bes/reports/list.html).” A Report from the U.S. Department of Energy Basic Energy Sciences Workshop, August 6-8, 2007, it lists a number of “Workshop Participants,” each of whom is a significant figure in search for energy solutions.
I did a quick search for information on each of the workshop participants, and compiled the results in a single file. This is something you could do on your own, but I have saved you some time by doing it for you. If you would like a free copy of my compilation, just send me an email request with “Workshop Compilation” in the subject line to:
letters@jeansteinhardt.com
Below is the first entry in the Workshop Compilation:
Alex Bell
Professor of Chemical Engineering at the University of California, Berkeley
Faculty Senior Scientist at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Central Theme of Research
Professor Bell is interested in understanding the fundamental relationships between the structure and composition of heterogeneous catalysts and their performance. The study of reaction mechanisms and the identification of factors limiting the activity and selectivity of catalysts are also objectives of his research. Reaction systems being investigated include the synthesis of oxygenated compounds from COx (x = 1, 2), the conversion of alkenes to olefins and oxygenated products under oxidizing conditions, the reduction of nitric oxide under oxidizing conditions, conversion of biomass to fuels, and the electrochemical reduction of water and carbon dioxide to hydrogen and carbon dioxide.
The objectives of his program are pursued through a combination of experimental and theoretical methods. Spectroscopic techniques, including IR, Raman, NMR, UV-Visible, XANES, and EXAFS, are used to characterize catalyst structure and adsorbed species under actual conditions of catalysis. Isotopic tracers and temperature-programmed adsorption and reaction techniques are used to elucidate the pathways via which catalyzed reactions occur. Quantum chemical calculations are conducted to define the structure and energetic of adsorbed species and the pathways by which such species are transformed. The combined use of theory and experimental methods enables the attainment of a deeper understanding of the core issues of interest than can be achieved by the use of either approach alone. In pursuing his research, Professor Bell draws upon 40 years of experience in the pursuit of fundamental issues relevant to catalysis. He is the author or co-author of over 513 technical publications.
source: http://www.cchem.berkeley.edu/atbgrp/index.html
I did a quick search for information on each of the workshop participants, and compiled the results in a single file. This is something you could do on your own, but I have saved you some time by doing it for you. If you would like a free copy of my compilation, just send me an email request with “Workshop Compilation” in the subject line to:
letters@jeansteinhardt.com
Below is the first entry in the Workshop Compilation:
Alex Bell
Professor of Chemical Engineering at the University of California, Berkeley
Faculty Senior Scientist at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Central Theme of Research
Professor Bell is interested in understanding the fundamental relationships between the structure and composition of heterogeneous catalysts and their performance. The study of reaction mechanisms and the identification of factors limiting the activity and selectivity of catalysts are also objectives of his research. Reaction systems being investigated include the synthesis of oxygenated compounds from COx (x = 1, 2), the conversion of alkenes to olefins and oxygenated products under oxidizing conditions, the reduction of nitric oxide under oxidizing conditions, conversion of biomass to fuels, and the electrochemical reduction of water and carbon dioxide to hydrogen and carbon dioxide.
The objectives of his program are pursued through a combination of experimental and theoretical methods. Spectroscopic techniques, including IR, Raman, NMR, UV-Visible, XANES, and EXAFS, are used to characterize catalyst structure and adsorbed species under actual conditions of catalysis. Isotopic tracers and temperature-programmed adsorption and reaction techniques are used to elucidate the pathways via which catalyzed reactions occur. Quantum chemical calculations are conducted to define the structure and energetic of adsorbed species and the pathways by which such species are transformed. The combined use of theory and experimental methods enables the attainment of a deeper understanding of the core issues of interest than can be achieved by the use of either approach alone. In pursuing his research, Professor Bell draws upon 40 years of experience in the pursuit of fundamental issues relevant to catalysis. He is the author or co-author of over 513 technical publications.
source: http://www.cchem.berkeley.edu/atbgrp/index.html
Sunday, May 24, 2009
Bibliometrics
Forging through the vast forests of information available today, I am impressed by the thousands of brilliant minds working tirelessly to improve our lives through technology. I am also bewildered and overwhelmed at times. How does a bibliographic researcher like me determine which articles are the most significant in a given field?
One answer is … bibliometrics. Wikipedia defines bibliometrics as “a set of methods used to study or measure texts and information. Citation analysis and content analysis are commonly used bibliometric methods. While bibliometric methods are most often used in the field of library and information science, bibliometrics have wide applications in other areas. In fact, many research fields use bibliometric methods to explore the impact of their field[1], the impact of a set of researchers, or the impact of a particular paper.” (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliometrics)
The best known bibliometric application is the Web of Science, produced by the Institute for Scientific Information. The service allows users to search forward in time from a known article to more recent publications which cite the known item. Theoretically, a seminal article will be cited more frequently than other articles on the same topic.
If you are lucky enough to belong to a company that subscribes to Web of Science (http://thomsonreuters.com/products_services/scientific/Web_of_Science), contact your corporate librarian for information on how to use it.
Failing that, you can get a tantalizing taste of the power of bibliometrics by visiting AuthorMapper (http://www.authormapper.com/about.aspx). On the AuthorMapper site you can conduct a free search on any key word of interest to you. The results include specific cites, as well as a literal map of the location of the authors of the cited articles. It also tells you which institutions and which journals contain the largest number of the cited articles. With this information, you may want to target a specific institution or journal for further research.
By way of example, I did a quick search on “dibenzothiophene.” A few of the results appear below.
Search Results
417 Articles
1502 Authors
537 Institutions
79 Journals
Showing 1 to 10 of 417 matching Articles
Biotechnology of desulfurization of diesel: prospects and challenges
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology (2005) 66:356-366, January 01, 2005
By Gupta, Nidhi; Roychoudhury, P. K.; Deb, J. K.
To meet stringent emission standards stipulated by regulatory agencies, the oil industry is required to make a huge investment to bring down the sulfur content in diesel to the desired level, using conventional hydrodesulfurization (HDS) technology, by which sulfur is catalytically converted to hydrogen sulfide in the presence of hydrogen. These reactions proceed rapidly only at high temperature and pressure and therefore the capital cost as well as the operating cost associated with HDS very high. Biological desulfurization has the potential of being developed as a viable technology downstream of classical HDS. Various attempts have been made to develop biotechnological processes based on microbiological desulfurization employing aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. However, there are several bottlenecks limiting commercialization of the process. This review discusses various aspects of microbial desulfurization and the progress made towards its commercialization.
more …
Download PDF
Desulphurisation of benzothiophene and dibenzothiophene by actinomycete organisms belonging to the genus Rhodococcus, and related taxa
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1998) 74:119-132, October 01, 1998
By Oldfield, Christopher; Wood, Nicola T.; Gilbert, Steven C.; Murray, Frazer D.; Faure, Fabrice R. Show all (5)
Desulphurising enzymes remove the sulphur moiety from an organosulphur molecule leaving the carbon skeleton intact. Two kinds of desulphurisation reaction are recognised. The dibenzothiophene (DBT)-specific pathway desulphurises DBT to inorganic sulphite and 2- hydroxybiphenyl (HBP), and the benzothiophene (BTH)-specific pathway desulphurises BTH to 2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)ethan 1-al (HPEal) and probably inorganic sulphite. The DBT-desulphurisation pathway was originally identified in Rhodococcus erythropolis strain IGTS8 (ATCC 53968), and the BTH-desulphurisation pathway in Gordonia sp. strain 213E (NCIMB 40816). These organisms do not further metabolise the organic product of desulphurisation.
In this article current knowledge of the biochemistry and genetics of the desulphurisation enzymes is reviewed. The need for separate, DBT- and BTH-specific desulphurisation routes is rationalised in terms of the chemical differences between the two compounds. The desulphurisation pathway is compared with other microbial DBT- degrading enzyme systems. Finally some comments are made concerning the application of desulphurisation enzymes for fuel desulphurisation and on the relevance of these enzymes to the ecology of the mycolata (sensu Chun et al, 1996).
more …
Download PDF
One answer is … bibliometrics. Wikipedia defines bibliometrics as “a set of methods used to study or measure texts and information. Citation analysis and content analysis are commonly used bibliometric methods. While bibliometric methods are most often used in the field of library and information science, bibliometrics have wide applications in other areas. In fact, many research fields use bibliometric methods to explore the impact of their field[1], the impact of a set of researchers, or the impact of a particular paper.” (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliometrics)
The best known bibliometric application is the Web of Science, produced by the Institute for Scientific Information. The service allows users to search forward in time from a known article to more recent publications which cite the known item. Theoretically, a seminal article will be cited more frequently than other articles on the same topic.
If you are lucky enough to belong to a company that subscribes to Web of Science (http://thomsonreuters.com/products_services/scientific/Web_of_Science), contact your corporate librarian for information on how to use it.
Failing that, you can get a tantalizing taste of the power of bibliometrics by visiting AuthorMapper (http://www.authormapper.com/about.aspx). On the AuthorMapper site you can conduct a free search on any key word of interest to you. The results include specific cites, as well as a literal map of the location of the authors of the cited articles. It also tells you which institutions and which journals contain the largest number of the cited articles. With this information, you may want to target a specific institution or journal for further research.
By way of example, I did a quick search on “dibenzothiophene.” A few of the results appear below.
Search Results
417 Articles
1502 Authors
537 Institutions
79 Journals
Showing 1 to 10 of 417 matching Articles
Biotechnology of desulfurization of diesel: prospects and challenges
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology (2005) 66:356-366, January 01, 2005
By Gupta, Nidhi; Roychoudhury, P. K.; Deb, J. K.
To meet stringent emission standards stipulated by regulatory agencies, the oil industry is required to make a huge investment to bring down the sulfur content in diesel to the desired level, using conventional hydrodesulfurization (HDS) technology, by which sulfur is catalytically converted to hydrogen sulfide in the presence of hydrogen. These reactions proceed rapidly only at high temperature and pressure and therefore the capital cost as well as the operating cost associated with HDS very high. Biological desulfurization has the potential of being developed as a viable technology downstream of classical HDS. Various attempts have been made to develop biotechnological processes based on microbiological desulfurization employing aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. However, there are several bottlenecks limiting commercialization of the process. This review discusses various aspects of microbial desulfurization and the progress made towards its commercialization.
more …
Download PDF
Desulphurisation of benzothiophene and dibenzothiophene by actinomycete organisms belonging to the genus Rhodococcus, and related taxa
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1998) 74:119-132, October 01, 1998
By Oldfield, Christopher; Wood, Nicola T.; Gilbert, Steven C.; Murray, Frazer D.; Faure, Fabrice R. Show all (5)
Desulphurising enzymes remove the sulphur moiety from an organosulphur molecule leaving the carbon skeleton intact. Two kinds of desulphurisation reaction are recognised. The dibenzothiophene (DBT)-specific pathway desulphurises DBT to inorganic sulphite and 2- hydroxybiphenyl (HBP), and the benzothiophene (BTH)-specific pathway desulphurises BTH to 2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)ethan 1-al (HPEal) and probably inorganic sulphite. The DBT-desulphurisation pathway was originally identified in Rhodococcus erythropolis strain IGTS8 (ATCC 53968), and the BTH-desulphurisation pathway in Gordonia sp. strain 213E (NCIMB 40816). These organisms do not further metabolise the organic product of desulphurisation.
In this article current knowledge of the biochemistry and genetics of the desulphurisation enzymes is reviewed. The need for separate, DBT- and BTH-specific desulphurisation routes is rationalised in terms of the chemical differences between the two compounds. The desulphurisation pathway is compared with other microbial DBT- degrading enzyme systems. Finally some comments are made concerning the application of desulphurisation enzymes for fuel desulphurisation and on the relevance of these enzymes to the ecology of the mycolata (sensu Chun et al, 1996).
more …
Download PDF
Friday, May 22, 2009
Full Texting
Sometimes you will find that you don’t have time to do a definitive literature search on your technical topic. You have other work to do … you don’t have time to search all day. For one thing, even when you identify an article of interest from a Google® or Yahoo!® search, most of the time you don’t have access to the full text article. This is a common problem. There are several solutions.
First, if your company is far sighted enough to employ a librarian, contact him or her. Tell the librarian what you are searching for, and provide whatever key words you think will help find what you need.
If your management has determined that you have to do it yourself, here are three search engine / document delivery sites that will save you some time. The advantage of searching these sites is that once you identify an article of interest, you can order a copy of it online with your corporate credit card.
Don’t have a corporate credit card? Oh well … another reason to urge your management team to hire a librarian.
The search results below illustrate the hits that result from a search on “dibenzothiophene.” The three document providers below provide free search capability. When you browse the results of a search, you can easily purchase the full text of any article in your results list.
Ingenta
www.ingentaconnect.com
British Library Direct
(http://direct.bl.uk/bld/SearchResults.do)
ScienceDirect
www.sciencedirect.com
SAMPLE RESULTS FROM A SEARCH ON “DIBENZOTHIOPHENE” IN THREE DOCUMENT PROVIDER SITES
British Library Direct (http://direct.bl.uk/bld/SearchResults.do)
1 Zinc-Substituted Polyoxometalate for Oxidative Desulfurization of Dibenzothiophene Lai, J. Luo, G. PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2009 VOL 27; NUMBER 8, page(s) 781-787 Taylor & Francis
2 Synthesis and characterization of mesoporous phosphotungstic acid/TiO2 nanocomposite as a novel oxidative desulfurization catalyst Yan, X. M. Mei, P. Lei, J. Mi, Y. Xiong, L. Guo, L. JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR CATALYSIS A CHEMICAL 2009 VOL 304; NUMBER 1-2, page(s) 52-57 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.
3 Al-SBA-15 as a support of catalysts based on chromium sulfide for sulfur removal Gomez-Cazalilla, M. Infantes-Molina, A. Moreno-Tost, R. Maireles-Torres, P. J. Merida-Robles, J. Rodriguez-Castellon, E. Jimenez-Lopez, A. CATALYSIS TODAY 2009 VOL 143; NUMBER 1-2, page(s) 137-144 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.
4 Impact of Al and Ti ions on the dispersion and performance of supported NiMo(W)/SBA-15 catalysts in the HDS and HYD reactions Olivas, A. Zepeda, T. A. CATALYSIS TODAY 2009 VOL 143; NUMBER 1-2, page(s) 120-125 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.
5 Hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene and a SRGO on sulfide Ni(Co)Mo/Al2O3 catalysts. Effect of Ru and Pd promotion Navarro, R. M. Castano, P. Alvarez-Galvan, M. C. Pawelec, B. CATALYSIS TODAY 2009 VOL 143; NUMBER 1-2, page(s) 108-114 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.
6 Conversion of dibenzothiophene by the mushrooms Agrocybe aegerita and Coprinellus radians and their extracellular peroxygenases Aranda, E. Kinne, M. Kluge, M. Ullrich, R. Hofrichter, M. APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2009 VOL 82; NUMBER 6, page(s) 1057-1066 Springer Science + Business Media
7 Liquid phase oxidation of dibenzothiophene with alumina-supported vanadium oxide catalysts: An alternative to deep desulfurization of diesel Gomez-Bernal, H. Cedeno-Caero, L. Gutierrez-Alejandre, A. CATALYSIS TODAY 2009 VOL 142; NUMBER 3-4, page(s) 227-233 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.
8 Preparation of polystyrene-based activated carbon spheres and their adsorption of dibenzothiophene WANG, Q. LIANG, X. y. ZHANG, R. LIU, C. j. LIU, X. j. QIAO, W. m. ZHAN, L. LING, L. c. NEW CARBON MATERIALS -ELSEVIER- 2009 VOL 24; NUMBER 1, page(s) 55-60 ELSEVIER SCIENCE B.V. AMSTERDAM
9 Biomonitoring airborne parent and alkylated three-ring PAHs in the Greater Cologne Conurbation II: Regional distribution patterns Lehndorff, E. Schwark, L. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION -LONDON THEN BARKING- 2009 VOL 157; NUMBER 5, page(s) 1706-1713 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.
10 Lifetime Broadening in the Rotationally Resolved Electronic Spectra of Dibenzothiophene, 2,5-Diphenylfuran, and 2,5-Diphenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole in the Gas Phase. Intersystem Crossing Dynamics in the Statistical Limit Alvarez-Valtierra, L. Yi, J.T. Pratt, D.W. JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2009 VOL 113; NUMB 11, page(s) 2261-2267 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
Copyright © The British Library Board.
Source: http://direct.bl.uk/bld/SearchResults.do
+++
Synthesis of Ni-Mo-W Sulfide Nanorods as Catalyst for Hydrodesulfurization of Dibenzothiophene
Authors: Paraguay-Delgado, F.; GarcĆa-Alamilla, R.; Lumbreras, J.A.; Cizniega, E.; Alonso-NĆŗƱez, G.
Source: Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Volume 8, Number 12, December 2008 , pp. 6406-6413(8)
Publisher: American Scientific Publishers
Co(Ni)/MoS2 Nanostructured Catalysts for the Hydrodesulphurization of Dibenzothiophene
Authors: Albiter, M.A.; Huirache-AcuƱa, R.; Paraguay-Delgado, F.; Zaera, F.; Alonso-NĆŗƱez, G.
Source: Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Volume 8, Number 12, December 2008 , pp. 6437-6444(8)
Publisher: American Scientific Publishers
Study of a newly isolated thermophilic bacterium capable of Kuhemond heavy crude oil and dibenzothiophene biodesulfurization following 4S pathway at 60 °C
Authors: Torkamani, Sarah; Shayegan, Jalal; Yaghmaei, Soheila; Alemzadeh, Iran
Source: Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, Volume 83, Number 12, December 2008 , pp. 1689-1693(5)
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cycloaddition of benzo[b]thiophene-S,S-dioxide - a route to substituted dibenzothiophenes and dibenzothiophene S,S-dioxides
Authors: Iniesta, Jesus; Matsumoto, Taisuke; Thiemann, Thies
Source: Journal of Chemical Research, Volume 2008, Number 2, February 2008 , pp. 109-114(6)
Publisher: Science Reviews 2000 Ltd
Biodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene using recombinant Pseudomonas strain
Authors: Meesala, Lavanya; Balomajumder, Chandrajeet; Chatterjee, Shamba; Roy, Partha
Source: Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, Volume 83, Number 3, March 2008 , pp. 294-298(5)
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and photophysical properties of polyphenylquinoxalines with thiophene and dibenzothiophene units in the backbone
Authors: Keshtov, M.; Mal'tsev, E.; Lyphenko, D.; Brusentseva, M.; Sosnovyi, M.; Vasnev, V.; Peregudov, A.; Vannikov, A.; Khokhlov, A.
Source: Polymer Science Series B, Volume 49, Numbers 3-4, August 2007 , pp. 75-79(5)
Publisher: MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica
Effect of stacking of MoS2 slabs on catalytic performance of supported CoMo-catalysts in hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene
Authors: Zepeda, T.A.; Pawelec, B.; Olivas, A.; Fierro, J.L.G.
Source: Materials Research Innovations, Volume 11, Number 1, March 2007 , pp. 54-59(6)
Publisher: Maney Publishing
The catalytic activity of Ni/W bimetallic sulfide nanostructured catalysts in the hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene
Authors: Olivas, A.; Alonso, G.; Fuentes, S.
Source: Topics in Catalysis, Volume 39, Numbers 3-4, October 2006 , pp. 175-179(5)
Publisher: Springer
Desulfurization of dibenzothiophene by Bacillus subtilis recombinants carrying dszABC and dszD genes
Authors: Ma, Ting; Li, Guoqiang; Li, Jian; Liang, Fenglai; Liu, Rulin
Source: Biotechnology Letters, Volume 28, Number 14, July 2006 , pp. 1095-1100(6)
Publisher: Springer
Synthesis of MoS2 nanorods and their catalytic test in the HDS of dibenzothiophene
Authors: Albiter, M.A.; Huirache-AcuƱa, R.; Paraguay-Delgado, F.; Rico, J.L.; Alonso-NuƱez, G.
Source: Nanotechnology, Volume 17, Number 14, 28 July 2006 , pp. 3473-3481(9)
Publisher: Institute of Physics Publishing
De-repression and comparison of oil–water separation activity of the dibenzothiophene desulfurizing bacterium, Mycobacterium sp. G3
Authors: Takada, Masaki; Nomura, Nobuhiko; Okada, Hideki; Nakajima-Kambe, Toshiaki; Nakahara, Tadaatsu; Uchiyama, Hiroo
Source: Biotechnology Letters, Volume 27, Number 12, June 2005 , pp. 871-874(4)
Publisher: Springer
Desulfurization of dibenzothiophene, benzothiophene, and other thiophene analogs by a newly isolated bacterium, Gordonia alkanivorans strain 1B
Authors: Alves, LuĆs; Salgueiro, Rita; Rodrigues, Carla; Mesquita, Elsa; Matos, JosĆ©; GĆrio, Francisco
Source: Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Volume 120, Number 3, March 2005 , pp. 199-208(10)
Publisher: Humana Press
Desulphurization of dibenzothiophene and diesel oils by bacteria
Authors: Labana, S.; Pandey, G.; Jain, R.K.
Source: Letters in Applied Microbiology, Volume 40, Number 3, March 2005 , pp. 159-163(5)
Publisher: Blackwell Publishing
Isolation of Carotenoid-deficient Mutant from Alkylated Dibenzothiophene Desulfurizing Nocardioform Bacteria, Gordonia sp. TM414
Authors: Matsui, Toru; Maruhashi, Kenji
Source: Current Microbiology, Volume 48, Number 2, February 2004 , pp. 130-134(5)
Publisher: Springer
Identification and functional analysis of the genes encoding dibenzothiophene-desulfurizing enzymes from thermophilic bacteria
Authors: Kirimura, Kohtaro; Harada, Koji; Iwasawa, Hidekazu; Tanaka, Takeomi; Iwasaki, Yuichiro; Furuya, Toshiki; Ishii, Yoshitaka; Kino, Kuniki
Source: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Volume 65, Number 6, November 2004 , pp. 703-713(11)
Publisher: Springer
Cloning of a gene encoding flavin reductase coupling with dibenzothiophene monooxygenase through coexpression screening using indigo production as selective indication
Authors: Furuya T.; Takahashi S.; Ishii Y.; Kino K.; Kirimura K.
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Volume 313, Number 3, 16 January 2004 , pp. 570-575(6)
Publisher: Elsevier
Mutual influence of the HDS of dibenzothiophene and HDN of 2-methylpyridine
Authors: Egorova M.; Prins R.
Source: Journal of Catalysis, Volume 221, Number 1, 1 January 2004 , pp. 11-19(9)
Publisher: Elsevier
Ultradeep Hydrodesulfurization of Dibenzothiophene (DBT) Derivatives over Mo-Sulfide Catalysts Supported on TiO2-Coated Alumina Composite
Authors: Saih Y.; Segawa K.
Source: Catalysis Surveys from Asia, Volume 7, Number 4, December 2003 , pp. 235-249(15)
Publisher: Springer
Deactivation study on nitrided molybdena-alumina during hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Authors: Nagai M.; Arahata T.
Source: Catalysis Today, Volume 87, Number 1, 15 November 2003 , pp. 123-132(10)
Publisher: Elsevier
Tert-BuOK/BuLi-Induced facile cyclodehydrogenation of diphenyl sulfide to dibenzothiophene
Authors: Ohgaki, Hirotaka; Mitsuhashi, Hirokazu; Suzuki, Hitomi
Source: Journal of Chemical Research, Volume 2003, Number 5, May 2003 , pp. 264-265(2)
Publisher: Science Reviews 2000 Ltd
Source: http://www.ingentaconnect.com/search?form_name=advanced&title=Dibenzothiophene&title_type=title&author=&journal=&journal_type=words&volume=&issue=&database=1&pageSize=20&x=23&y=16
Source: www.ingentaconnect.com
+++
Novel, blue light-emitting polyfluorenes containing a fluorinated quinoxaline unit
Dyes and Pigments, Volume 82, Issue 3, September 2009, Pages 251-257
Lei Ying, Jianhua Zou, Wei Yang, Anqi Zhang, Zhonglian Wu, Wei Zhao, Yong Cao
The synthesis and photo-physical properties of a hemicyanine dye
Dyes and Pigments, Volume 82, Issue 3, September 2009, Pages 329-335
Chuanxiang Qin, Xiaomei Wang, Jian-Jun Wang, Jiayuan Mao, Junyi Yang, Lixing Dai, Guoqiang Chen
Occurrence and distribution of hydrocarbons in surface sediments from Marseille Bay (France)
Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 58, Issue 3, August 2009, Pages 443-451
Laurence Asia, Safia Mazouz, Michel Guiliano, Pierre Doumenq, Gilbert Mille
PAHs soil decontamination in two steps: Desorption and electrochemical treatment
Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 166, Issue 1, 15 July 2009, Pages 462-468
M. Teresa AlcĆ”ntara, Jose GĆ³mez, Marta Pazos, M. Angeles SanromĆ”n
Chemoselective sulfoxidation by H2O2 or HNO3 using a phosphate impregnated titania catalyst
Tetrahedron Letters, Volume 50, Issue 27, 8 July 2009, Pages 3767-3771
Saitanya K. Bharadwaj, Susanda N. Sharma, Sahid Hussain, Mihir K. Chaudhuri
Graphical abstract
Various organic sulfides containing different oxidizable groups such as –OH, –CHO, and –CN have been chemoselectively oxidized to the corresponding sulfoxides separately by H2O2 or HNO3 using a solid catalyst composed of 84.5% of TiO2 and 15 .5% of [Ti4H11(PO4)9]. nH2O (n = 1–4).
Efficient oxidation of thiophene derivatives with homogeneous and heterogeneous MTO/H2O2 systems: A novel approach for, oxidative desulfurization (ODS) of diesel fuel
Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, Volume 89, Issues 1-2, 3 July 2009, Pages 239-245
Andrea Di Giuseppe, Marcello Crucianelli, Francesco De Angelis, Claudia Crestini, Raffaele Saladino
Preparation of polystyrene-based activated carbon spheres and their adsorption of dibenzothiophene
Carbon, Volume 47, Issue 8, July 2009, Page 2145
Qin Wang, Xiao-Yi Liang, Rui Zhang, Chao-Jun Liu, Xiao-Jun Liu, Wen-Ming Qiao, Liang Zhan, Li-Cheng Ling
Effect of surface characteristics of different alumina on metal–support interaction and hydrodesulfurization activity
Fuel, Volume 88, Issue 7, July 2009, Pages 1281-1285
Mingfeng Li, Huifeng Li, Feng Jiang, Yang Chu, Hong Nie
Source: www.sciencedirect.com
First, if your company is far sighted enough to employ a librarian, contact him or her. Tell the librarian what you are searching for, and provide whatever key words you think will help find what you need.
If your management has determined that you have to do it yourself, here are three search engine / document delivery sites that will save you some time. The advantage of searching these sites is that once you identify an article of interest, you can order a copy of it online with your corporate credit card.
Don’t have a corporate credit card? Oh well … another reason to urge your management team to hire a librarian.
The search results below illustrate the hits that result from a search on “dibenzothiophene.” The three document providers below provide free search capability. When you browse the results of a search, you can easily purchase the full text of any article in your results list.
Ingenta
www.ingentaconnect.com
British Library Direct
(http://direct.bl.uk/bld/SearchResults.do)
ScienceDirect
www.sciencedirect.com
SAMPLE RESULTS FROM A SEARCH ON “DIBENZOTHIOPHENE” IN THREE DOCUMENT PROVIDER SITES
British Library Direct (http://direct.bl.uk/bld/SearchResults.do)
1 Zinc-Substituted Polyoxometalate for Oxidative Desulfurization of Dibenzothiophene Lai, J. Luo, G. PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2009 VOL 27; NUMBER 8, page(s) 781-787 Taylor & Francis
2 Synthesis and characterization of mesoporous phosphotungstic acid/TiO2 nanocomposite as a novel oxidative desulfurization catalyst Yan, X. M. Mei, P. Lei, J. Mi, Y. Xiong, L. Guo, L. JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR CATALYSIS A CHEMICAL 2009 VOL 304; NUMBER 1-2, page(s) 52-57 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.
3 Al-SBA-15 as a support of catalysts based on chromium sulfide for sulfur removal Gomez-Cazalilla, M. Infantes-Molina, A. Moreno-Tost, R. Maireles-Torres, P. J. Merida-Robles, J. Rodriguez-Castellon, E. Jimenez-Lopez, A. CATALYSIS TODAY 2009 VOL 143; NUMBER 1-2, page(s) 137-144 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.
4 Impact of Al and Ti ions on the dispersion and performance of supported NiMo(W)/SBA-15 catalysts in the HDS and HYD reactions Olivas, A. Zepeda, T. A. CATALYSIS TODAY 2009 VOL 143; NUMBER 1-2, page(s) 120-125 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.
5 Hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene and a SRGO on sulfide Ni(Co)Mo/Al2O3 catalysts. Effect of Ru and Pd promotion Navarro, R. M. Castano, P. Alvarez-Galvan, M. C. Pawelec, B. CATALYSIS TODAY 2009 VOL 143; NUMBER 1-2, page(s) 108-114 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.
6 Conversion of dibenzothiophene by the mushrooms Agrocybe aegerita and Coprinellus radians and their extracellular peroxygenases Aranda, E. Kinne, M. Kluge, M. Ullrich, R. Hofrichter, M. APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2009 VOL 82; NUMBER 6, page(s) 1057-1066 Springer Science + Business Media
7 Liquid phase oxidation of dibenzothiophene with alumina-supported vanadium oxide catalysts: An alternative to deep desulfurization of diesel Gomez-Bernal, H. Cedeno-Caero, L. Gutierrez-Alejandre, A. CATALYSIS TODAY 2009 VOL 142; NUMBER 3-4, page(s) 227-233 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.
8 Preparation of polystyrene-based activated carbon spheres and their adsorption of dibenzothiophene WANG, Q. LIANG, X. y. ZHANG, R. LIU, C. j. LIU, X. j. QIAO, W. m. ZHAN, L. LING, L. c. NEW CARBON MATERIALS -ELSEVIER- 2009 VOL 24; NUMBER 1, page(s) 55-60 ELSEVIER SCIENCE B.V. AMSTERDAM
9 Biomonitoring airborne parent and alkylated three-ring PAHs in the Greater Cologne Conurbation II: Regional distribution patterns Lehndorff, E. Schwark, L. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION -LONDON THEN BARKING- 2009 VOL 157; NUMBER 5, page(s) 1706-1713 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.
10 Lifetime Broadening in the Rotationally Resolved Electronic Spectra of Dibenzothiophene, 2,5-Diphenylfuran, and 2,5-Diphenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole in the Gas Phase. Intersystem Crossing Dynamics in the Statistical Limit Alvarez-Valtierra, L. Yi, J.T. Pratt, D.W. JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2009 VOL 113; NUMB 11, page(s) 2261-2267 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
Copyright © The British Library Board.
Source: http://direct.bl.uk/bld/SearchResults.do
+++
Synthesis of Ni-Mo-W Sulfide Nanorods as Catalyst for Hydrodesulfurization of Dibenzothiophene
Authors: Paraguay-Delgado, F.; GarcĆa-Alamilla, R.; Lumbreras, J.A.; Cizniega, E.; Alonso-NĆŗƱez, G.
Source: Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Volume 8, Number 12, December 2008 , pp. 6406-6413(8)
Publisher: American Scientific Publishers
Co(Ni)/MoS2 Nanostructured Catalysts for the Hydrodesulphurization of Dibenzothiophene
Authors: Albiter, M.A.; Huirache-AcuƱa, R.; Paraguay-Delgado, F.; Zaera, F.; Alonso-NĆŗƱez, G.
Source: Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Volume 8, Number 12, December 2008 , pp. 6437-6444(8)
Publisher: American Scientific Publishers
Study of a newly isolated thermophilic bacterium capable of Kuhemond heavy crude oil and dibenzothiophene biodesulfurization following 4S pathway at 60 °C
Authors: Torkamani, Sarah; Shayegan, Jalal; Yaghmaei, Soheila; Alemzadeh, Iran
Source: Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, Volume 83, Number 12, December 2008 , pp. 1689-1693(5)
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cycloaddition of benzo[b]thiophene-S,S-dioxide - a route to substituted dibenzothiophenes and dibenzothiophene S,S-dioxides
Authors: Iniesta, Jesus; Matsumoto, Taisuke; Thiemann, Thies
Source: Journal of Chemical Research, Volume 2008, Number 2, February 2008 , pp. 109-114(6)
Publisher: Science Reviews 2000 Ltd
Biodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene using recombinant Pseudomonas strain
Authors: Meesala, Lavanya; Balomajumder, Chandrajeet; Chatterjee, Shamba; Roy, Partha
Source: Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, Volume 83, Number 3, March 2008 , pp. 294-298(5)
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and photophysical properties of polyphenylquinoxalines with thiophene and dibenzothiophene units in the backbone
Authors: Keshtov, M.; Mal'tsev, E.; Lyphenko, D.; Brusentseva, M.; Sosnovyi, M.; Vasnev, V.; Peregudov, A.; Vannikov, A.; Khokhlov, A.
Source: Polymer Science Series B, Volume 49, Numbers 3-4, August 2007 , pp. 75-79(5)
Publisher: MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica
Effect of stacking of MoS2 slabs on catalytic performance of supported CoMo-catalysts in hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene
Authors: Zepeda, T.A.; Pawelec, B.; Olivas, A.; Fierro, J.L.G.
Source: Materials Research Innovations, Volume 11, Number 1, March 2007 , pp. 54-59(6)
Publisher: Maney Publishing
The catalytic activity of Ni/W bimetallic sulfide nanostructured catalysts in the hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene
Authors: Olivas, A.; Alonso, G.; Fuentes, S.
Source: Topics in Catalysis, Volume 39, Numbers 3-4, October 2006 , pp. 175-179(5)
Publisher: Springer
Desulfurization of dibenzothiophene by Bacillus subtilis recombinants carrying dszABC and dszD genes
Authors: Ma, Ting; Li, Guoqiang; Li, Jian; Liang, Fenglai; Liu, Rulin
Source: Biotechnology Letters, Volume 28, Number 14, July 2006 , pp. 1095-1100(6)
Publisher: Springer
Synthesis of MoS2 nanorods and their catalytic test in the HDS of dibenzothiophene
Authors: Albiter, M.A.; Huirache-AcuƱa, R.; Paraguay-Delgado, F.; Rico, J.L.; Alonso-NuƱez, G.
Source: Nanotechnology, Volume 17, Number 14, 28 July 2006 , pp. 3473-3481(9)
Publisher: Institute of Physics Publishing
De-repression and comparison of oil–water separation activity of the dibenzothiophene desulfurizing bacterium, Mycobacterium sp. G3
Authors: Takada, Masaki; Nomura, Nobuhiko; Okada, Hideki; Nakajima-Kambe, Toshiaki; Nakahara, Tadaatsu; Uchiyama, Hiroo
Source: Biotechnology Letters, Volume 27, Number 12, June 2005 , pp. 871-874(4)
Publisher: Springer
Desulfurization of dibenzothiophene, benzothiophene, and other thiophene analogs by a newly isolated bacterium, Gordonia alkanivorans strain 1B
Authors: Alves, LuĆs; Salgueiro, Rita; Rodrigues, Carla; Mesquita, Elsa; Matos, JosĆ©; GĆrio, Francisco
Source: Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Volume 120, Number 3, March 2005 , pp. 199-208(10)
Publisher: Humana Press
Desulphurization of dibenzothiophene and diesel oils by bacteria
Authors: Labana, S.; Pandey, G.; Jain, R.K.
Source: Letters in Applied Microbiology, Volume 40, Number 3, March 2005 , pp. 159-163(5)
Publisher: Blackwell Publishing
Isolation of Carotenoid-deficient Mutant from Alkylated Dibenzothiophene Desulfurizing Nocardioform Bacteria, Gordonia sp. TM414
Authors: Matsui, Toru; Maruhashi, Kenji
Source: Current Microbiology, Volume 48, Number 2, February 2004 , pp. 130-134(5)
Publisher: Springer
Identification and functional analysis of the genes encoding dibenzothiophene-desulfurizing enzymes from thermophilic bacteria
Authors: Kirimura, Kohtaro; Harada, Koji; Iwasawa, Hidekazu; Tanaka, Takeomi; Iwasaki, Yuichiro; Furuya, Toshiki; Ishii, Yoshitaka; Kino, Kuniki
Source: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Volume 65, Number 6, November 2004 , pp. 703-713(11)
Publisher: Springer
Cloning of a gene encoding flavin reductase coupling with dibenzothiophene monooxygenase through coexpression screening using indigo production as selective indication
Authors: Furuya T.; Takahashi S.; Ishii Y.; Kino K.; Kirimura K.
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Volume 313, Number 3, 16 January 2004 , pp. 570-575(6)
Publisher: Elsevier
Mutual influence of the HDS of dibenzothiophene and HDN of 2-methylpyridine
Authors: Egorova M.; Prins R.
Source: Journal of Catalysis, Volume 221, Number 1, 1 January 2004 , pp. 11-19(9)
Publisher: Elsevier
Ultradeep Hydrodesulfurization of Dibenzothiophene (DBT) Derivatives over Mo-Sulfide Catalysts Supported on TiO2-Coated Alumina Composite
Authors: Saih Y.; Segawa K.
Source: Catalysis Surveys from Asia, Volume 7, Number 4, December 2003 , pp. 235-249(15)
Publisher: Springer
Deactivation study on nitrided molybdena-alumina during hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Authors: Nagai M.; Arahata T.
Source: Catalysis Today, Volume 87, Number 1, 15 November 2003 , pp. 123-132(10)
Publisher: Elsevier
Tert-BuOK/BuLi-Induced facile cyclodehydrogenation of diphenyl sulfide to dibenzothiophene
Authors: Ohgaki, Hirotaka; Mitsuhashi, Hirokazu; Suzuki, Hitomi
Source: Journal of Chemical Research, Volume 2003, Number 5, May 2003 , pp. 264-265(2)
Publisher: Science Reviews 2000 Ltd
Source: http://www.ingentaconnect.com/search?form_name=advanced&title=Dibenzothiophene&title_type=title&author=&journal=&journal_type=words&volume=&issue=&database=1&pageSize=20&x=23&y=16
Source: www.ingentaconnect.com
+++
Novel, blue light-emitting polyfluorenes containing a fluorinated quinoxaline unit
Dyes and Pigments, Volume 82, Issue 3, September 2009, Pages 251-257
Lei Ying, Jianhua Zou, Wei Yang, Anqi Zhang, Zhonglian Wu, Wei Zhao, Yong Cao
The synthesis and photo-physical properties of a hemicyanine dye
Dyes and Pigments, Volume 82, Issue 3, September 2009, Pages 329-335
Chuanxiang Qin, Xiaomei Wang, Jian-Jun Wang, Jiayuan Mao, Junyi Yang, Lixing Dai, Guoqiang Chen
Occurrence and distribution of hydrocarbons in surface sediments from Marseille Bay (France)
Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 58, Issue 3, August 2009, Pages 443-451
Laurence Asia, Safia Mazouz, Michel Guiliano, Pierre Doumenq, Gilbert Mille
PAHs soil decontamination in two steps: Desorption and electrochemical treatment
Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 166, Issue 1, 15 July 2009, Pages 462-468
M. Teresa AlcĆ”ntara, Jose GĆ³mez, Marta Pazos, M. Angeles SanromĆ”n
Chemoselective sulfoxidation by H2O2 or HNO3 using a phosphate impregnated titania catalyst
Tetrahedron Letters, Volume 50, Issue 27, 8 July 2009, Pages 3767-3771
Saitanya K. Bharadwaj, Susanda N. Sharma, Sahid Hussain, Mihir K. Chaudhuri
Graphical abstract
Various organic sulfides containing different oxidizable groups such as –OH, –CHO, and –CN have been chemoselectively oxidized to the corresponding sulfoxides separately by H2O2 or HNO3 using a solid catalyst composed of 84.5% of TiO2 and 15 .5% of [Ti4H11(PO4)9]. nH2O (n = 1–4).
Efficient oxidation of thiophene derivatives with homogeneous and heterogeneous MTO/H2O2 systems: A novel approach for, oxidative desulfurization (ODS) of diesel fuel
Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, Volume 89, Issues 1-2, 3 July 2009, Pages 239-245
Andrea Di Giuseppe, Marcello Crucianelli, Francesco De Angelis, Claudia Crestini, Raffaele Saladino
Preparation of polystyrene-based activated carbon spheres and their adsorption of dibenzothiophene
Carbon, Volume 47, Issue 8, July 2009, Page 2145
Qin Wang, Xiao-Yi Liang, Rui Zhang, Chao-Jun Liu, Xiao-Jun Liu, Wen-Ming Qiao, Liang Zhan, Li-Cheng Ling
Effect of surface characteristics of different alumina on metal–support interaction and hydrodesulfurization activity
Fuel, Volume 88, Issue 7, July 2009, Pages 1281-1285
Mingfeng Li, Huifeng Li, Feng Jiang, Yang Chu, Hong Nie
Source: www.sciencedirect.com
Thursday, May 21, 2009
Life, the Universe, and Everything
When I was a young college student at Boston University, I ran across a book called "Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy." Reading it became one of my favorite pass times, especially when I was supposed to be studying.
One of the key characters was a computer, the greatest computer ever created, called Deep Thought. Deep Thought had been constructed to answer The Question … of Life, the Universe, and Everything.
The answer, as it turns out, is ... 42.
I have been engaged in bibliographic research for petroleum engineers and scientists for over a decade. But sometimes, especially when I am researching a technology I am not familiar with, I wonder how Deep Thought would have handled the problem.
I am no Deep Thought ... but I have come up with a number of tricks that may help you find what you need as you sort through the vast technical literature available to us these days.
To illustrate the information points you can derive from a technical article, take a look at “Adsorptive desulfurization of diesel with mesoporous aluminosilicates,” which you can view at:
http://www.scichina.com:8081/sciBe/EN/article/downloadArticleFile.do?attachType=PDF&id=411993
This article, like many technical artices, opens with an introduction that presents in easy to understand language what this research is about, why it was conducted, and how it fits in with the larger technical universe of which it is a part. That in itself provides a useful service to a viewer who is unfamiliar with the technology. In addition, it often provides key words or key phrases that can be used in continuing the search for articles in the same area.
Other useful tidbits include the name of the technical journal in which the article appears; the authors of the article; the organizations within which the authors conduct their research; and, in many cases, the email address of one or more of the authors.
These tidbits provide starting points for other searches. And email addresses, when available, can become the nucleus of a mailing list of experts in the area.
Sci China Ser B-Chem Mar. 2009 vol. 52 no. 3 276-281
Adsorptive desulfurization of diesel with mesoporous aluminosilicates
TANG Huang1,2, LI WangLiang1, LIU QingFen1, GUAN LiLi3, SONG JiaQing3, XING JianMin1† & LIU HuiZhou1
1 National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
2 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3 SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, Beijing 100083, China
Introduction
Sulfur oxides released into the atmosphere by combus-tion of diesel seriously pollute the air and our environ-ment. Therefore, the sulfur concentration limitation in the transportation fuels is becoming more and more stringent. Many developed countries such as USA, member countries of EU and Japan regulated the gaso-line and diesel sulfur to below 10－15 Ī¼g/g in recent years[1]. Deep desulfurization of diesel is an imperative issue of petrochemical industry in our country. Hydro-desulfurization (HDS)[2] process is very efficient in re-moving simple sulfur compounds, but not effective for dibenzothiophene (DBT) and its derivatives like 4, 6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT). HDS is not suitable for deep desulfurization of diesel, for it requires severe operation conditions, high energy and hydrogen consumption and can decrease the cetane number of diesel[3]. Other deep desulfurization techniques are under research, including adsorptive desulfurization[4], oxida-tion desulfurization[5], biodesulfurization[6] and extrac-tive desulfurization with ionic liquids[7].
Adsorptive desulfurization can be accomplished under ambient conditions, such as room temperature and normal pressure. The reaction rate is very high. Sulfur com-pounds in diesel can be removed by physical adsorption, chemisorption and Ļ-complexation adsorption. Phy-sisorbed sulfur compounds can be easily removed from adsorbents. So, it is easy to regenerate the adsorbents. However the adsorptive selectivity and capability are not high. For chemisorption, adsorptive selectivity and capa-bility are high, but the adsorbents are hard to be regener-ated. Interaction force of Ļ-complexation is between that of physical adsorption and chemisorption.
†Corresponding author (email: jmxing@home.ipe.ac.cn)
Source: http://www.scichina.com:8081/sciBe/EN/article/downloadArticleFile.do?attachType=PDF&id=411993
One of the key characters was a computer, the greatest computer ever created, called Deep Thought. Deep Thought had been constructed to answer The Question … of Life, the Universe, and Everything.
The answer, as it turns out, is ... 42.
I have been engaged in bibliographic research for petroleum engineers and scientists for over a decade. But sometimes, especially when I am researching a technology I am not familiar with, I wonder how Deep Thought would have handled the problem.
I am no Deep Thought ... but I have come up with a number of tricks that may help you find what you need as you sort through the vast technical literature available to us these days.
To illustrate the information points you can derive from a technical article, take a look at “Adsorptive desulfurization of diesel with mesoporous aluminosilicates,” which you can view at:
http://www.scichina.com:8081/sciBe/EN/article/downloadArticleFile.do?attachType=PDF&id=411993
This article, like many technical artices, opens with an introduction that presents in easy to understand language what this research is about, why it was conducted, and how it fits in with the larger technical universe of which it is a part. That in itself provides a useful service to a viewer who is unfamiliar with the technology. In addition, it often provides key words or key phrases that can be used in continuing the search for articles in the same area.
Other useful tidbits include the name of the technical journal in which the article appears; the authors of the article; the organizations within which the authors conduct their research; and, in many cases, the email address of one or more of the authors.
These tidbits provide starting points for other searches. And email addresses, when available, can become the nucleus of a mailing list of experts in the area.
Sci China Ser B-Chem Mar. 2009 vol. 52 no. 3 276-281
Adsorptive desulfurization of diesel with mesoporous aluminosilicates
TANG Huang1,2, LI WangLiang1, LIU QingFen1, GUAN LiLi3, SONG JiaQing3, XING JianMin1† & LIU HuiZhou1
1 National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
2 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3 SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, Beijing 100083, China
Introduction
Sulfur oxides released into the atmosphere by combus-tion of diesel seriously pollute the air and our environ-ment. Therefore, the sulfur concentration limitation in the transportation fuels is becoming more and more stringent. Many developed countries such as USA, member countries of EU and Japan regulated the gaso-line and diesel sulfur to below 10－15 Ī¼g/g in recent years[1]. Deep desulfurization of diesel is an imperative issue of petrochemical industry in our country. Hydro-desulfurization (HDS)[2] process is very efficient in re-moving simple sulfur compounds, but not effective for dibenzothiophene (DBT) and its derivatives like 4, 6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT). HDS is not suitable for deep desulfurization of diesel, for it requires severe operation conditions, high energy and hydrogen consumption and can decrease the cetane number of diesel[3]. Other deep desulfurization techniques are under research, including adsorptive desulfurization[4], oxida-tion desulfurization[5], biodesulfurization[6] and extrac-tive desulfurization with ionic liquids[7].
Adsorptive desulfurization can be accomplished under ambient conditions, such as room temperature and normal pressure. The reaction rate is very high. Sulfur com-pounds in diesel can be removed by physical adsorption, chemisorption and Ļ-complexation adsorption. Phy-sisorbed sulfur compounds can be easily removed from adsorbents. So, it is easy to regenerate the adsorbents. However the adsorptive selectivity and capability are not high. For chemisorption, adsorptive selectivity and capa-bility are high, but the adsorbents are hard to be regener-ated. Interaction force of Ļ-complexation is between that of physical adsorption and chemisorption.
†Corresponding author (email: jmxing@home.ipe.ac.cn)
Source: http://www.scichina.com:8081/sciBe/EN/article/downloadArticleFile.do?attachType=PDF&id=411993
Chalcogels
Physorg.com reports on a new class of chalcogels that is twice as active in hydrodesulfurization as the conventional catalysts currently used in HDS. Invented by Mercouri Kanatzidis and Santanu Bag of Northwestern University, the new chalcogels exhibit other properties that can be applied in other areas of concern.
According to Physorg.com, details of the cobalt-molybdenum-sulfur chalcogel and its properties will be published online May 17 by the journal Nature Chemistry. This is the first report of chalcogels being used for catalysis and gas separation.
Bios of Kanatzidis and Bag appear on the Northwestern site. Both researchers also have accounts on LinkedIn.
For more information, including the original Physorg.com article, go to:
http://www.physorg.com/news161787550.html
The Kanatzidis Research Group
http://chemgroups.northwestern.edu/kanatzidis/
http://chemgroups.northwestern.edu/kanatzidis/kanatzidis.html
Santanu Bag
http://santanu.nu.googlepages.com/
According to Physorg.com, details of the cobalt-molybdenum-sulfur chalcogel and its properties will be published online May 17 by the journal Nature Chemistry. This is the first report of chalcogels being used for catalysis and gas separation.
Bios of Kanatzidis and Bag appear on the Northwestern site. Both researchers also have accounts on LinkedIn.
For more information, including the original Physorg.com article, go to:
http://www.physorg.com/news161787550.html
The Kanatzidis Research Group
http://chemgroups.northwestern.edu/kanatzidis/
http://chemgroups.northwestern.edu/kanatzidis/kanatzidis.html
Santanu Bag
http://santanu.nu.googlepages.com/
Tuesday, May 19, 2009
Serendipity
According to an entry in Wikipedia, “Serendipity is the effect by which one accidentally discovers something fortunate, especially while looking for something else entirely.” During my time as a library researcher for Saudi Aramco, I learned the value of a serendipitous approach to research. I often found answers to research questions I had worked on for several days while researching an entirely different topic.
Serendipity led me to a fascinating article about the way Marvin Johnson, a prolific inventor, managed to straddle the worlds of chemistry and engineering.
In his words, "Chemistry is about exploring, but it is not about developing processes once you've discovered them. It's where the research starts. Engineering is very quantitative. It's about sequences of steps and descriptions of processes."
As a researcher for Phillips Petroleum, he was able to apply this insight to solve a large number of specific, practical problems in refining technology.
It is the kind of approach that will help any researcher involved in the desulfurization of the hydrocarbon stream.
View the article at:
http://www.fastcompany.com/magazine/59/johnson.html
Serendipity led me to a fascinating article about the way Marvin Johnson, a prolific inventor, managed to straddle the worlds of chemistry and engineering.
In his words, "Chemistry is about exploring, but it is not about developing processes once you've discovered them. It's where the research starts. Engineering is very quantitative. It's about sequences of steps and descriptions of processes."
As a researcher for Phillips Petroleum, he was able to apply this insight to solve a large number of specific, practical problems in refining technology.
It is the kind of approach that will help any researcher involved in the desulfurization of the hydrocarbon stream.
View the article at:
http://www.fastcompany.com/magazine/59/johnson.html
Monday, May 18, 2009
ROADMAPS – THE GPS OF THE INFORMATION WORLD
During my career as a librarian specializing in the pursuit of engineering knowledge, I was often in the position of being asked to research an area of technology that I had never before explored. Whenever I was lucky enough to find a “Roadmap” document in the subject area, I jumped on it.
Roadmaps provide a wealth of information on search terms, experts, and a general sense of the overall framework of the discipline. It is a like a cheat sheet on how all the pieces fit together.
So it was with some excitement that I began reading the US Department of Energy document called “Basic Research Needs: Catalysis for Energy.” As implied in the title, advances in catalysis research is seen as key in solving a range of energy problems, including the problem of desulfurization of the hydrocarbon stream.
The perspective provided by this document will be invaluable for anyone involved in the desulfurization arena. Even the seasoned professional will be able to view his / her specific interest in the context of the over arching whole.
View the document, as well as a number of other energy roadmap documents, at:
http://www.er.doe.gov/bes/reports/list.html
Roadmaps provide a wealth of information on search terms, experts, and a general sense of the overall framework of the discipline. It is a like a cheat sheet on how all the pieces fit together.
So it was with some excitement that I began reading the US Department of Energy document called “Basic Research Needs: Catalysis for Energy.” As implied in the title, advances in catalysis research is seen as key in solving a range of energy problems, including the problem of desulfurization of the hydrocarbon stream.
The perspective provided by this document will be invaluable for anyone involved in the desulfurization arena. Even the seasoned professional will be able to view his / her specific interest in the context of the over arching whole.
View the document, as well as a number of other energy roadmap documents, at:
http://www.er.doe.gov/bes/reports/list.html
Saturday, May 16, 2009
IONIC LIQUIDS OLDIES BUT GOODIES
Way back in 2004, Chemical Industry Vision 2020 - Ionic Liquids (ILs) (http://www.chemicalvision2020.org/ionic_liquids.html) convened a number of experts in the field to create a roadmap intended to eliminate the barriers to commercialization of ILs.
Desulfurization of hydrocarbon streams is one of the potential areas of IL application. Even though the Vision is ancient by today’s standards, it produce a list of references to the technical literature that will be useful to serious researchers. For example …
Reviews on IL and Catalysis
1.T. Weldon, Chem. Rev., 1999, 99, 2071-2083.
2.H. Olivier-Bourbigou, J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem.,1999, 146, 285-289.
3.P. Wasserscheidand W. Keim, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2000, 39, 3772-3789.
4.R. Sheldon, Chem. Comm.,2001 (23), 2399-2407.
5.A. Ranwell, A. and M. A. Tshamano, ACS Symp. Ser., 818 (Ionic Liquids),2002, 147-160.
6.P. Wasserscheid, DGMK TagungsberichtProc. of the DGMK-Conference: Chances for Innovative Processes at the Interface between Refining and Petrochemistry, 2002, 97-106.
7.J. Dupont, R.F. de Souzeand P.A.Z. Suarez, Chem. Rev., 2002 102, 3667-3692.
8.H. Olivier-Bourbigouand L. Magna, J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2002, 182/183, 419-437.
9.D. Zhao, M. Wu, Y. Kou and E. Min, Catal. Today, 2002, 74, 157-189.
10.V.P.W. Boehm, Applied Homogeneous Catalysis with Organometallic Compounds(2nd Edition,) 2002, 2, Wiley-VCH Verlag, 639-645.
11.P. Wasserscheid, Green Industrial Applications of Ionic Liquids, 2003, KluwerAcademic Pub., 29-47.
12.H. Olivier-Bourbigouand F. Huges, Green Industrial Applications of Ionic Liquids, 2003, KluwerAcademic Pub., 67-84.
13.A.J. Carmichael and D.M. Haddleton, Ionic Liquids in Synthesis, 2003, Wiley-VCH Verlag, 319-335.
14.H. Olivier-Bourbigouand A. Forestiere,Ionic Liquids in Synthesis, 2003, Wiley-VCH Verlag, 258-280.
source:
Catalysis and Ionic Liquids
Jeff Miller
(BP Chemicals)
Chemical Industry Vision 2020 Technology Partnership Workshop
“Barriers to Ionic Liquid Commercialization”
September 11, 2003
===
Published ionic liquids roadmap: Accelerating Ionic Liquid Commercialization - Research Needs to Advance New Technology (PDF 1.8 MB).
The DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences included fundamental research in ionic liquids in its SBIR solicitation and referred potential respondents to the Vision2020 Ionic Liquids Roadmap.
Published a thorough literature search on the industrial applications of ionic liquids and potential applications of ionic liquids. See the results of the literature search (PDF 226 KB). Technical Summaries on Ionic Liquids in Chemical Processing, Sheng Dai, David DePaoli, Mark Dietz, Jimmy Mays, Joanna McFarlane, William Steele. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Tennessee. 2003. (PDF 393 KB)
Ionic Liquids Reference Lists, Robin Rogers (PDF 565 KB)
"Barriers to Ionic Liquid Commercialization" Workshop Presentations
Catalysis and Ionic Liquids, Jeff Miller, BP Chemicals. (PDF 1.8 MB)
Overview: Technical Summaries on Ionic Liquids in Chemical Processing, David DePaoli, Oak Ridge National Laboratory. (PDF 220 KB)
Overview: Industrial Application of Ionic Liquids for Liquid Extraction, Jeff Kanel, J.S. Kanel & Associates. (PDF 191 KB)
"Barriers to Ionic Liquid Commercialization" Workshop Results, BCS, Incorporated. (PDF 172 KB)
source: http://www.chemicalvision2020.org/ionic_liquids.html
===
Reference Lists for Ionic Liquids
Provided by: Professor Robin D. Rogers Department of Chemistry The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 Telephone (205) 348-4323 FAX (205) 348-0823 E-Mail: rdrogers@bama.ua.edu
Ionic Liquids and Separations 2-5-04
Reference List page 2
Ionic Liquids and Chemical Processes 2-8-04
Reference List page 15
Ionic Liquids in Polymerization Reactions 1-22-04
Reference List with Abstracts page 16
Ionic Liquids Fuel Applications 2-5-044
Reference List page 78
source: http://www.chemicalvision2020.org/ionic_liquids.html
===
References
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15
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17
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Patents and patent applications (US unless otherwise noted)
Catalysis 4,554,383 Knifton, J.F. , (Texaco) “Process for producing p-tolualdehyde from toluene using an aluminum halide alkyl pyridinium halide “melt” catalyst” 6,339,182 “Separation of olefins from paraffins using ionic liquid solutions” 5,994,602 Abdul-Sada, A.K., Atkins, M.P., Ellis, B., Hodgson, P.K.G., Morgan, M.L.M., Seddon, K.R, (BP Chemicals, Inc.) “Alkylation process” 5,304,615 (BP Chemicals) - butene polymerization using pyridinium or imidazolium chloride combined with an alkylaluminum halide, RnAlX3-n as the room temperature ionic liquid.
5,824,832 (Akzo Nobel) - assigned to describe a process for linear alkylbenzene formation using proprietary room temperature ionic liquids as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,731,1091 that are made with alkyl amine hydrohalide salts combined with a metal halide.
5,220,106 (Exxon) - assigned to disclose a process using an ionic liquid to extract aromatics from a mixed hydrocarbon in which the preferred salt is triethylammonium dihydroxybenzoate.
6,103,908 Bahrmann, H. and Schulte, M. (Celanese GmbH) “Nonaqueous ionic liquids, process for preparing them and their use as catalyst constituents”
6,303,827 Saleh, R.Y., Becker, C.L., Michaelson, R.C., Schlosberg, R.H., (ExxonMobil Chemicals) “Process for making aromatic aldehydes”
6,395,948 Hope, K.D., Driver, M.S., Harris, T.V. (Chevron Chemical Company, LLC, USA) “High viscosity polyalphaolefins prepared with ionic liquid catalyst” (20020128532)
2002010291 Murphy, V. (Symyx Technologies, Inc, USA, Bayer, A.-G.) “Ionic liquids and processes for production of high molecular weight polyisoolefins” (WO20000032658. EP1144468)
2002050136 Boussand, B., Bonnet, P., Court, F., Devic, M., Hidalgo, M, Navarro, C. (Atofina, France) “Hydrogenation method for unsaturated block copolymers and hydrogenated unsaturated block copolymers” (FR281650, AU2002022030)
2002198100 Mehnert, C.P. and Cook, R.A. (ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company, USA) “Supported ionic liquid membranes”, (WO2002098560)
2003050507 Couturier, J.-L. and Guerret, O. (Atofina, France) “Method for preparing alkoxyamines from nitroxides” (WO2002012149, FR2812639, EP1311472)
WO2002012171 Song, C.-E., Roh, E.-J. and Oh, C.-R. (Korea Institute of Science and Technology) “Method for preparing chiral compound by asymmetric ring opening reactions of epoxides” (AU2002029148).
WO2002034722 Chauvin, Y., Magna, L., Niccolai, G.P. and Bassett, J.-M. (Centre National de al Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) France), “Imidazolium salts and their use of these ionic liquids as a solvent” (EP1201657, EP1328518, AU2002010819)
WO2002030852 Earle, M.J. and Katdare, S.P. (The Queen’s University of Belfast, UK) “Oxidative halogenation of aromatic compounds n the presence of an ionic liquid” (AU2001095711, EP1324965)
WO2002030862 Earle, M.J. and Katdare, S.P. (The Queen’s University of Belfast, UK) “Oxidation of alkylaromatics in the presence of ionic liquids” (AU2001093968, EP1324968)
WO2002030865 Earle, M.J. and Katdare, S.P. (The Queen’s University of Belfast, UK) “Aromatic nitration reactions in ionic liquids” (AU2001093970, EP1324973)
25
WO2002030878 Earle, M.J. and Katdare, S.P. (The Queen’s University of Belfast, UK) “Aromatic sulfonation reactions conducted in the presence of ionic liquids” (AU2001093969,EP1324982)
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source:
Technical Summaries on Ionic Liquids in Chemical Processing
Prepared for the Chemical Industry Vision 2020 Technology Partnership Workshop Barriers to Ionic Liquid Commercialization
August 22, 2003
http://www.chemicalvision2020.org/ionic_liquids.html
Desulfurization of hydrocarbon streams is one of the potential areas of IL application. Even though the Vision is ancient by today’s standards, it produce a list of references to the technical literature that will be useful to serious researchers. For example …
Reviews on IL and Catalysis
1.T. Weldon, Chem. Rev., 1999, 99, 2071-2083.
2.H. Olivier-Bourbigou, J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem.,1999, 146, 285-289.
3.P. Wasserscheidand W. Keim, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2000, 39, 3772-3789.
4.R. Sheldon, Chem. Comm.,2001 (23), 2399-2407.
5.A. Ranwell, A. and M. A. Tshamano, ACS Symp. Ser., 818 (Ionic Liquids),2002, 147-160.
6.P. Wasserscheid, DGMK TagungsberichtProc. of the DGMK-Conference: Chances for Innovative Processes at the Interface between Refining and Petrochemistry, 2002, 97-106.
7.J. Dupont, R.F. de Souzeand P.A.Z. Suarez, Chem. Rev., 2002 102, 3667-3692.
8.H. Olivier-Bourbigouand L. Magna, J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2002, 182/183, 419-437.
9.D. Zhao, M. Wu, Y. Kou and E. Min, Catal. Today, 2002, 74, 157-189.
10.V.P.W. Boehm, Applied Homogeneous Catalysis with Organometallic Compounds(2nd Edition,) 2002, 2, Wiley-VCH Verlag, 639-645.
11.P. Wasserscheid, Green Industrial Applications of Ionic Liquids, 2003, KluwerAcademic Pub., 29-47.
12.H. Olivier-Bourbigouand F. Huges, Green Industrial Applications of Ionic Liquids, 2003, KluwerAcademic Pub., 67-84.
13.A.J. Carmichael and D.M. Haddleton, Ionic Liquids in Synthesis, 2003, Wiley-VCH Verlag, 319-335.
14.H. Olivier-Bourbigouand A. Forestiere,Ionic Liquids in Synthesis, 2003, Wiley-VCH Verlag, 258-280.
source:
Catalysis and Ionic Liquids
Jeff Miller
(BP Chemicals)
Chemical Industry Vision 2020 Technology Partnership Workshop
“Barriers to Ionic Liquid Commercialization”
September 11, 2003
===
Published ionic liquids roadmap: Accelerating Ionic Liquid Commercialization - Research Needs to Advance New Technology (PDF 1.8 MB).
The DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences included fundamental research in ionic liquids in its SBIR solicitation and referred potential respondents to the Vision2020 Ionic Liquids Roadmap.
Published a thorough literature search on the industrial applications of ionic liquids and potential applications of ionic liquids. See the results of the literature search (PDF 226 KB). Technical Summaries on Ionic Liquids in Chemical Processing, Sheng Dai, David DePaoli, Mark Dietz, Jimmy Mays, Joanna McFarlane, William Steele. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Tennessee. 2003. (PDF 393 KB)
Ionic Liquids Reference Lists, Robin Rogers (PDF 565 KB)
"Barriers to Ionic Liquid Commercialization" Workshop Presentations
Catalysis and Ionic Liquids, Jeff Miller, BP Chemicals. (PDF 1.8 MB)
Overview: Technical Summaries on Ionic Liquids in Chemical Processing, David DePaoli, Oak Ridge National Laboratory. (PDF 220 KB)
Overview: Industrial Application of Ionic Liquids for Liquid Extraction, Jeff Kanel, J.S. Kanel & Associates. (PDF 191 KB)
"Barriers to Ionic Liquid Commercialization" Workshop Results, BCS, Incorporated. (PDF 172 KB)
source: http://www.chemicalvision2020.org/ionic_liquids.html
===
Reference Lists for Ionic Liquids
Provided by: Professor Robin D. Rogers Department of Chemistry The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 Telephone (205) 348-4323 FAX (205) 348-0823 E-Mail: rdrogers@bama.ua.edu
Ionic Liquids and Separations 2-5-04
Reference List page 2
Ionic Liquids and Chemical Processes 2-8-04
Reference List page 15
Ionic Liquids in Polymerization Reactions 1-22-04
Reference List with Abstracts page 16
Ionic Liquids Fuel Applications 2-5-044
Reference List page 78
source: http://www.chemicalvision2020.org/ionic_liquids.html
===
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Zhao, Y.-L., C. F. Chen, and F. Li, “Living/Controlled Radical Copolymerization in an IL”, J. Polym. Sci., Part A-Polym. Chem., 2003, 41, 2156.
Zimmermann, J., Wasserscheid, P., Tkatchenko, I. and Stutzmann, S. 2002. “Biphasic dimerisation of methacrylate – immobilisation and stabilisation of cationic Pd-catalysts in ionic liquids by the ammoniumphosphine ligand”, Chemical Communications, in press.
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24
Patents and patent applications (US unless otherwise noted)
Catalysis 4,554,383 Knifton, J.F. , (Texaco) “Process for producing p-tolualdehyde from toluene using an aluminum halide alkyl pyridinium halide “melt” catalyst” 6,339,182 “Separation of olefins from paraffins using ionic liquid solutions” 5,994,602 Abdul-Sada, A.K., Atkins, M.P., Ellis, B., Hodgson, P.K.G., Morgan, M.L.M., Seddon, K.R, (BP Chemicals, Inc.) “Alkylation process” 5,304,615 (BP Chemicals) - butene polymerization using pyridinium or imidazolium chloride combined with an alkylaluminum halide, RnAlX3-n as the room temperature ionic liquid.
5,824,832 (Akzo Nobel) - assigned to describe a process for linear alkylbenzene formation using proprietary room temperature ionic liquids as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,731,1091 that are made with alkyl amine hydrohalide salts combined with a metal halide.
5,220,106 (Exxon) - assigned to disclose a process using an ionic liquid to extract aromatics from a mixed hydrocarbon in which the preferred salt is triethylammonium dihydroxybenzoate.
6,103,908 Bahrmann, H. and Schulte, M. (Celanese GmbH) “Nonaqueous ionic liquids, process for preparing them and their use as catalyst constituents”
6,303,827 Saleh, R.Y., Becker, C.L., Michaelson, R.C., Schlosberg, R.H., (ExxonMobil Chemicals) “Process for making aromatic aldehydes”
6,395,948 Hope, K.D., Driver, M.S., Harris, T.V. (Chevron Chemical Company, LLC, USA) “High viscosity polyalphaolefins prepared with ionic liquid catalyst” (20020128532)
2002010291 Murphy, V. (Symyx Technologies, Inc, USA, Bayer, A.-G.) “Ionic liquids and processes for production of high molecular weight polyisoolefins” (WO20000032658. EP1144468)
2002050136 Boussand, B., Bonnet, P., Court, F., Devic, M., Hidalgo, M, Navarro, C. (Atofina, France) “Hydrogenation method for unsaturated block copolymers and hydrogenated unsaturated block copolymers” (FR281650, AU2002022030)
2002198100 Mehnert, C.P. and Cook, R.A. (ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company, USA) “Supported ionic liquid membranes”, (WO2002098560)
2003050507 Couturier, J.-L. and Guerret, O. (Atofina, France) “Method for preparing alkoxyamines from nitroxides” (WO2002012149, FR2812639, EP1311472)
WO2002012171 Song, C.-E., Roh, E.-J. and Oh, C.-R. (Korea Institute of Science and Technology) “Method for preparing chiral compound by asymmetric ring opening reactions of epoxides” (AU2002029148).
WO2002034722 Chauvin, Y., Magna, L., Niccolai, G.P. and Bassett, J.-M. (Centre National de al Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) France), “Imidazolium salts and their use of these ionic liquids as a solvent” (EP1201657, EP1328518, AU2002010819)
WO2002030852 Earle, M.J. and Katdare, S.P. (The Queen’s University of Belfast, UK) “Oxidative halogenation of aromatic compounds n the presence of an ionic liquid” (AU2001095711, EP1324965)
WO2002030862 Earle, M.J. and Katdare, S.P. (The Queen’s University of Belfast, UK) “Oxidation of alkylaromatics in the presence of ionic liquids” (AU2001093968, EP1324968)
WO2002030865 Earle, M.J. and Katdare, S.P. (The Queen’s University of Belfast, UK) “Aromatic nitration reactions in ionic liquids” (AU2001093970, EP1324973)
25
WO2002030878 Earle, M.J. and Katdare, S.P. (The Queen’s University of Belfast, UK) “Aromatic sulfonation reactions conducted in the presence of ionic liquids” (AU2001093969,EP1324982)
WO2002079269 Mays, J.W., Bu, L., Rogers, R.D., Hong, K. and Zhang, H. (Uab Research Foundation, USA) “Polymer formation in room temperature ionic liquids”.
WO2003002502 Mehnert, C.P., Dispenziere, N.C. (ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company, USA, Schlosberg, R.J.) “Process for conducting aldol condensation reactions in ionic liquid media, particularly imidazolium and pyridinium salts”
WO2003002579 Ignatyev, N., Schmidt, M., Kuehner, A., Hilarius, V., Heider, U, Kucheryna, A., Sartori, P. and Willner, H. (Merck patent Gmbh, Germany), “Synthesis, properties, and uses of (perfluoroalklyl)phosphorane-based novel strong acids and acid salts as catalysts, solvents, ionic liquids, and battery electrolytes”. (DE10130940)
WO2003020683 Ramani, A., Earle, M.J. and Robertson, A.J. (Cytec Technology Corp., USA, Seddon, K.R.) “Mononitration of aromatic compounds in phosphonium salt ionic liquids”.
WO2003057871 Kim, M.-J. and Lee, J.K. (Posco, S.Korea, Postech Foundation) “Preparation of ionic liquid-coated lipase and other enzymes with enhanced enantioselectivity for use in the chiral synthesis”
6,576,724 “Catalytic composition and process for the catalysis of dimerization codimerization and oligomerization of olefins”
6,501,001 “Process for selective dimerization of propylene principally into branched dimers”
6,469,216 “Process for hydroformylation using a catalyst based on cobalt and/or rhodium employed in a two-phase medium”
6,444,866 “Sequence of processes for olefin oligomerization”
6,410,799 “Hydroformylation process employing a catalyst based on cobalt and/or rhodium in a non-aqueous ionic solvent 6”
6,235,959 “Aliphatic hydrocarbon alkylation process”
6,028,024 “Catalytic composition and aliphatic hydrocarbon alkylation process”
2002052537 Commereuc, D., Forestiere, A., Hugues, F. and Olivier-Bourbigou, H. (Institut Francais du Petrole, France) “Sequence of processes for olefin oligomerization or dimerization or co-dimerization” (FR2815959, NL1019231, DE10152957,GB2369827)
2002099243 Favre, F., Commereuc, D and Olivier-Bourbigou, H. (Institut Francais du Petrole, France) “Process and apparatus for the hydroformylation of olefinically unsaturated compounds in a non-aqueous ionic solvent yielding aldehydes allowing for easy solvent and catalyst recycling” (FR2819806, EP1241156, JP2002275117)
WHERE 9847616 Ellis, B., Keim, W., Wasserscheid, P. “Oligomerisation catalyst comprising buffered ionic liquid” (Chem Abstracts 129:332457 1998)
WHERE2000016902 Germ, W., Korth, W., Wasserscheid P. (Chem Abstract 132:238691).
WHERE2000413 Germ, W., Ziegert, W., Wasserscheid, P. (Chem Abstacts 132:256580)
WHERE2000034311 Jones, M.D., Grimm, S., Keim, W., Wasserscheid, P. “Oligomerization of olefins by using catalysts containing complex of chromium compounds and 1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (Chem. Abstracts 133:45197 1999).
WHERE2000041809 Ellis, B., Hubert, F., and Wasserscheid, P. “Ionic liquid catalyst for alkylation” (Chem. Abstracts 133:107185)
26
DE19901524 Waffenschmidt, H., Wasserscheid, P., Keim, W. “Stabilization of homogeneous catalysts for recycle during distillative product separation using ionic liquid (Chem. Abstracts 133:121974 1999).
DE401417 von Voss, M., Wasserscheid, P. “Nonpolluting, biologically degradable…” (chem abstract 116:61895, 1990)
DE10003708 Boesmann, A., Wasserscheid, P., Bolm, C. and Germ, W. “New chiral ionic liquids and procedure for their representation in enantiomeric form”, application 2001.
DE-A10123467,8 Franco, G., Solinas, M., Janssen, Leitner, W., Boesmann, A, Wasserschmidt, P., Zimmermann, J., Ballivet-Tkatchenko, D., Piquet, M., Stutzmann, S. “Procedure for the immobilization and activation of cationic transition metal complexes using CO2..”
DE10127273 Koch, D., Schelhaas, M., Grotjohann, D. (Bayer AG, Germany) “Manufacture of polyamines of diphenylmethane series in presence of ionic liquids”
DE10129974,5 Boesmann, A. Datsevich, L., Jess, A., Lauter, A., Schmitz, C. and Wasserscheid, P., “Procedures for the removal of polarizable impurities from hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon mixtures by extraction with ionic liquids”, application published in February 2003.
DE 10155281 Wasserscheid, P., Boesmann, A., Jess, A., Datsevitch, L., Schmitz, C. and Lauter, A. (Solvent Innovation G.m.b.H., Germany), "Extractive method for eliminating polarizable impurities from hydrocarbons using ionic liquids as the extractants.” (WO2003037835)
FR 2,611,700 Chauvin, Y., Commereuc, D., Hirschauer, A., Hugues, F. and Saussine, L. 1988. “Process and catalyst for the dimerization or co-dimerization of olefins”
Patent applications
20010004972 Miller, S.J., O’Rear, D.J., Harris, T.V., Krug, R.R. (Chevron) “Process for making a lube base stock from a lower molecular weight feedstock using at least two oligomerization zones”
20010006154 Krug, R.R. and O’Rear, D.J. “Process for making a lube base stockfrom a lower molecular weight feedstockin a catalystic distillation unit”
20010039363 Hillebrand, G., Hirschauer, A., Commereuc, D., Olivier-Bourbigou, H. and Saussine, L. (Institut Francais du Petrole, France) “Process for hydroformylation using a catalyst based on cobalt and/or rhodium employed in a two-phase medium”
20010044550 Kenneally, C.J. and Connor, D.S. (The Procter and Gamble Company) “Process for the branching of saturated and/or unsaturated fatty acids and/or alkyl esters thereof”
20020010291 Murphy, V. (Symyx Technologies Inc) “Ionic liquids and processes for production of high molecular weight polyisoolefins”
20020091281 Chauvin, Y., Magna, L., Niccolai, G.P. and Basset, J.-M. (Celanese Chemicals Europe GmbH) “Process of telomerizing conjugated dienes”
20020099243 Favre, F.., Commereuc, D. and Olivier-Bourbigou, H. (Institut Francais du Petrole, France) “Process for the hydroformylation of olefinically unsaturated compounds in a non-aqueous ionic solvent”
20020156211 Hlatky, G.C. and Nagy, S. “Single-site catalysts based on anionic thiopyran dioxide ligands”
20020169071 Sauvage, E., Valkenberg, M.H, De Castro-Moreira, C.P. and Hoelderich, W.R. “Immobilised ionic liquids”
20020183574 Dixon, J.T., Grove, J.J.C, and Ranwell, A. “Hydrocarbon conversion process”
27
20020198100 Mehnert, C.P. and Cook, R.A. (ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company) “Ionic liquid compositions”
20020198391 Petersen, H. and Rock, M.H. “Method for the preparation of citalopram”
20030050507 Couturier, J.-L. and Guerret, O. “Method for prepararing alkoxyamines from nitroxides”
20030050512 Mehnert, C.P., Dispenziere, N.C. and Schlosberg, R.H. (ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company), “Process for conducting aldol condensation reactions in ionic liquid media”
20030055299 Hillebrand, G., Hischauer, A., Commereuc, D., Olivier-Bourbigou, H. and Saussine, L. (Institut Francais du Petrole, France) “Catalyst based on cobalt and/or rhodium employed in a two-phase medium”
20030060359 Olivier-Bourbigou, H., Commereuc, D., Martin, O., Magna, L. and Pellier, E. Institut Francais du Petrole, France) “Composition of catalyst and solvent and catalysis processes using this composition”
20030078442 Petersen, H., Bogeso, K.P. and Holm, P. (H. Lundbeck A/S), “Crystalline base of citalopram”
20030109767 Vasina, T.V., Kustov, L.M., Ksenofontov, V.A., Zubarev, Y.E., Houzvicka, J. and Zavilla, J. “Process of paraffin hydrocarbon isomerization catalysed by ionic liquids”
20030149264 Wasserscheid, P., Keim, W., Bolm, C., and Boesmann, A. “Chiral ionic liquids”
Separations
6,339,182 Munson et al. (Chevron) “Separation of olefins from paraffins using ionic liquid solutions”
6,579,343 Brennecke, J.F. and Maginn, E.J. (Notre Dame) “Purification of gas with liquid ionic compounds” (US2002189444)
2002001674/2001045187 Uhlenbrock, S. “Chemical vapor deposition methods utilizing ionic liquids”.
2002070122 Wu, B., Reddy, R.G. and Rogers, R.D. (The University of Alabama, USA) “Production, refining and recycling of lightweight and reactive metals in ionic liquids”.
20030125599 Boudreau, L.C., Driver, M.S., Munson, C.L. and Schinski, W.L. (ChevronTexaco). “Separation of dienes from olefins using ionic liquids and metal salt complexing agents” (WO2003059483)
WO2003013685 Goulao Crespo, J.P.S. and Schaefer, T. (Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnologia (IBET), Port.). “Removal and recovery of solutes present in ionic liquids by pervaporation”.
WO2003039719 Wasserscheid, P., Kragl, U and Kroekel, J. (Solvent Innovation Gmbh, Germany), “Method for separating substances from solutions containing ionic liquids by means of a membrane).
DE10136614 Arlt, W. Seiler, M., Jork, C. and Sneider, T. (BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Germany) "Ionic liquids as selective additives for the separation of close-boiling or azeotropic mixtures" (WO2002074718)
DE 10154052 Gmehling, J. and Krummen, M. "Use of ionic liquids as entraining agents and selective solvents for separation of aromatic hydrocarbons in aromatic petroleum streams" (Chem. Abstracts 2003:527340)
DE 10154209 Wasserscheid et al. (Solvent Innovation G.m.b.H., Germany) "Method for separating substances from solutions containing ionic liquids by means of a membrane"
28
WO 2003013685 Crespo & Schaefer (Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnologia, Portugal) "Removal and recovery of solutes present in ionic liquids by pervaporation".
WO 2003039719 Wasserscheid et al. (Solvent Innovation G.m.b.H., Germany) "Method for separating substances from solutions containing ionic liquids by means of a membrane", DE 10154209
Patent applications
20020189444 Brennecke & Maginn (Notre Dame) "Purification of gas with liquid ionic compounds"
20020070122 Wu et al (University of Alabama) "Production, refining and recycling of lightweight and reactive metals in ionic liquids (electrorefining of aluminum)”
Fuels 6,190,542 Catalytic multi-stage process for hydroconversion and refining hydrocarbon feeds 6,139,723 Iron-based ionic liquid catalysts for hydroprocessing carbonaceous feeds 6,274,026 Schucker and Baird (ExxonMobil) "Electrochemical oxidation of sulfur compounds in naphtha using ionic liquids" . 6,288,281 Direct carbonylation of paraffins using an ionic liquid catalyst 6,338,788 Schucker, R.C. (ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company) “Electrochemical oxidation of sulfur compounds in naphtha” 6,350,721 Fu, D. and Card, R.J. (Schlumberger Technology Corporation) “Matrix acidizing fluids for petroleum wells containing super acids or mineral acids in the presence of ionic liquids” (WO2000032711, EP1163310, NO2001002689)
6,398,936 O’Rear, D.J., Harris, T.V., Miller, S.J., Krug, R.R. and Lok, R.K. “Manufacture of lubricating base oils from highly paraffinic feedstocks by alkane dehydrogenation and alkane oligomerization” (2002003102)
6,379,634 Fields et al. (British Nuclear Fuels PLC) “Ionic liquids as solvents dissolving in an ionic liquid by oxidation; application to dissolution of nuclear fuel”
6,468,495 , Fields, M, Thied, R.C., Seddon, K.R., Pitner, W.R., Rooney, D.W. (British Nuclear Fuels PLC), “Treatment of molten salt reprocessing wastes”
20030085156 Schoonover, R.E. “Method for extraction of organosulfur compounds from hydrocarbons using ionic liquids” (WO2003040264)
WO2002034863 O'Rear, D.J., Boudreau, L.C., Driver, M.S. and Munson, C.L. (Chevron USA) "Removal of mercaptans from hydrocarbon streams using ionic liquids" (AU2002016629)
WO2002066712 Bradley, A., Cogan, C.J., Hanson, B.C., Lewin, R.G., Ogden, M.D., Owens, S.L., Pitner, W.R., Rooney, D.W., Sanders, D., Smart, N.G., Taylor, R.J. and Thied, R.C. (British Nuclear Fuels PLC, UK) "Electro-refining process for separating metals".
Patent applications
20030091489 Hommeltoft, S.I. “Process for the drying of a hydrocarbon stream”
Other Energy Applications
5,683,832 Asulab S.A., Bonhote, P, Dias, A.-P., “Hydrophobic liquid salts, the preparation therof and their application in electrochemistry”
5,731,101 Akzo Nobel NV, Sherif, F.G., Shyu, L.-J., Lacroix, C.P.M., Talma, A.G., “Low temperature ionic liquids”
6,531,270 Olson, L.P. and Reynolds, J.H. (Eastman Kodak Company, USA), “Ionic liquids as coupler solvents in photothermographic systems”.
29
6,531,273 Olson, L.P., Boettcher, J.W. and Reynolds, J.H. (Eastman Kodak Company, USA), “Dispersions of ionic liquids for photothermographic systems and methods of making such systems”.
6,552,843 Tench, D.M. and Warren, L.F.Jr. (Innovative Technology Licensing LLC, USA) “Reversible electrodeposition device with ionic liquid electrolyte”.
2001053472 Edlund, D.J. (Idatech, Llc, USA) “Fuel cell systesm containing nonaqueous electrolytes” (WO2001093362, EP1290747)
200207613P McEwan, A.B. and Koch, V.R. (Covalent Associates Inc., USA) “Nonflammable electrolytes for electrochemical systems” (WO2001093363)
2002191270 Lu, W., Mattes, B.R., Fadeev, A.G. and Qi, B. “Stable conjugated polymer electrochromic devices incorporating ionic liquids” (WO2002053808)
Synthesis
5,827,602 “Hydrophobic ionic liquids”
2002015883 Hilarius, V., Heider, U. and Schmidt, M. (Merck Patent GmbH, Germany) “Ionic liquids” (EP1160249, DE10026565, BR2001002084, JP2002187893, CN1326936)
2002015884 Schmidt, M., Heider, U., Geissler, W., Ignatyev, N., Hilarius, V. (Merck Patent GmbH, Germany) “Ionic liquids” (EP1162204, DE10027995, CN1327986, JP2002025610, BR2001002318)
20020161261 Bahrmann, H., Bohnen, H. (Celanese Chemicals Europe GmbH, Germany) “Preparation of ionic liquids and their use” (DE19919494, WO2000066597, EP1177199, AT223919)
2003080312 Seddon, K.R., Carmechael, A.J. and Earle, M.J. (Queen’s University of Belfast, UK) “Process for preparing ambient temperature ionic liquids” (WO2001040146, EP1233936, JP2003515573)
WO2001077081 Earle, M.J. and Seddon, K.R. (Queen’s University of Belfast, UK) “Preparation of imidazole carbenes and the use thereof for the synthesis of ionic liquids” (EP1268440)
WO2002079212 Robertson, A.J. and Seddon, K.R. (Cytec Technology Corp, USA) “Preparation of phosphonium phosphinate compounds for use as polar solvents”
WO2003022812 Wasserscheid, P., Boesmann, A. and Van Hal, R. “Preparation of organic ammonium and phosphonium sulfates as ionic liquids”.
WO2003048078 Bonwrath, W., Leveque, J.-M., Luche, J.-L. and Petrier, C. (Roche Vitamins Ag., Switzerland), “Production of ionic liquids”.
30
source:
Technical Summaries on Ionic Liquids in Chemical Processing
Prepared for the Chemical Industry Vision 2020 Technology Partnership Workshop Barriers to Ionic Liquid Commercialization
August 22, 2003
http://www.chemicalvision2020.org/ionic_liquids.html
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