Haldor Topsoe has me on their email list for interesting stuff they may want to
communicate. That’s how I learned about the following item …
///////
Great, greater, grading – reap the full benefits of
challenging crudes
Haldor Topsoe, 06.18.2019
Processing renewable feedstocks and opportunity crudes can provide good
commercial opportunities – or lead to significant revenue loss because of
shorter cycle lengths and unplanned shutdowns. To stay clear of the risks and
reap the benefits, refiners must arm themselves with the best grading solutions
out there. Opportunity crudes with
millimeter sized scales like these can cause costly inefficiencies if they are
not handled right. Efficient grading catalysts and technology have never been
more important. Renewable feedstocks and increasingly sour opportunity crudes
are playing dirty tricks on refiners’ revenues, because they contain corrosion
scales, rust, fines, and inorganic matter that foul the catalyst load and cause
excessive pressure drop in the reactor. So to keep their catalysts clean and
effective, refineries need more than a great solution, they need the best
solutions out there. Already when Topsoe
introduced the whole idea of active catalyst grading in 1979, it revolutionized
hydroprocessing reactor operations. Today – 6,000 Topsoe grading charges later
– we are able to draw on a wealth of comparative, long-term data in order to
optimize each customer’s capabilities. Based on this deep insight and excellent
products, Topsoe offers customers outstanding grading solutions that boost
profitability. Catalyst fouling is
costly. In one case, a hydrotreating unit (27,000 barrels per day) operated for
470 days before pressure drop began to build up at an exponential rate. In
response, the refinery chose to reduce the feed rate and was able to keep the
reactor running for an additional 73 days before the inevitable shutdown. In
this timespan, they incurred a production loss of 386,000 barrels or 2.3
million euro. A common ‘fix’ when
pressure builds up in the unit (and in plant management) is to skim the
catalyst load. This includes closing down the reactor, vacuuming the fouled
catalyst, adding some fresh catalyst, and restarting the unit. Skimming does
not solve the fundamental problem of fouled catalyst. It only buys additional
cycle time before the next full reactor shutdown – and less and less after each
additional skim. Topsoe documentation
shows that direct costs and the production loss from a single seven-day
skimming operation in a naphtha hydrotreating unit (15,000 barrels per day)
costs approximately 910,000 euro. And that’s a conservative estimate. It is not
unusual that skimming is carried out as many as five times over a five-year
cycle of a naphtha reactor. So it is
definitely worthwhile to consider more efficient ways to cope with corrosion
scales, rust, fines, and inorganic matter that foul the catalyst load and cause
excessive pressure drop in the reactor. Specialist
grading cleans up the mess. “One size
fits all” or “best guess” approaches simply cannot provide the refiner with a
grading solution that ensures effective protection of the active main bed
catalyst. A wide range of specialist
graded bed catalysts can be applied to handle the many different contaminants
and foulants, each of which functions with its own unique chemistry. A further
benefit can be obtained when the grading catalysts are combined with the latest
specialist grading technology and scale catcher configurations. If these preventive measures are implemented
in the most effective way, refiners can maximize cycle length and eliminate the
need for costly emergency intervention such as skimming. With pressure drop
under control, a refinery can often increase cycle length by as much as 300%.
This is a financial game changer.
Full palette of solutions
As one of the world’s leading companies in the catalysis field, Topsoe is able
to provide a full spectrum of grading solutions. The starting point is to
deliver technology-agnostic, R&D-backed guidance on how to deal with
corrosion and contaminants in a refinery’s particular feedstocks in the best
possible way. Typically, the optimal
solution involves both grading catalysts and technology. Topsoe provides a wide range of specialist
grading products specifically configured to help refineries deal with reactor
fouling problems caused by solid contaminants (such as corrosion products, coke
fines and salts) as well as reactions products formed inside the reactor (such
as polymers, iron sulfide or crusts on the catalyst). One of the key Topsoe products for pressure
drop control is the TK-26 TopTrap™ macroporous particulate trap. Larger
inorganic contaminants deposit in the spaces between the traps; smaller
materials are caught within the pores of the trap. TK-26 TopTrap™ is often used in combination
with other special guards, such as the Topsoe SiliconTrap series. Several
SiliconTrap™ catalysts are available to allow for an optimal design of the
graded catalyst system. In some cases,
the amount of contaminants is so high, that the ideal grading solution takes
more than catalysts. In such cases, the best solution is usually to install a
scale catcher to prevent premature plugging of the catalyst bed. The scale
catcher is a piece of equipment that is installed on top of the grading bed. A look inside a reactor with Haldor Topsoes
Scale Catcher installed. Topsoe scale
catchers are a well-documented success in hydroprocessing reactors worldwide.
They put any unused space in the top of the reactor to effective use by
collecting virtually any kind of solid particles before they reach the grading
catalysts. This can reduce the volume of top grading material needed – and in
turn increase the volume available for active catalysts and thus the
performance of the reactor. Topsoe
provides scale catcher solutions for both liquid and gas phase operation. The
designs are uncomplicated, easy to maintain, and easy to clean. Shifting the benchmarks 40 years of grading experience and a unique
insight in catalytic processes in hydroprocessing makes a difference. Topsoe
has the resources and know-how to supply refineries with optimal grading
solutions. By merging the best features of catalysts, technology and hardware
into innovative solutions, we shift the benchmarks for efficient prevention of
reactor catalyst fouling and contamination. And enable refineries to reap the
full benefits of challenging crudes.
source: https://blog.topsoe.com/great-greater-grading-reap-the-full-benefits-of-challenging-crudes?utm_source=hs_email&utm_medium=email&utm_content=73781183&_hsenc=p2ANqtz-_HG8iJgwHO3Nyjko0cMJMYi0AYKEePCTPFFTXMM8fXMXwwRmOqDifa94ztErSV7bQdxmKnvoKgQacIyA8UNmu3i-IbIw&_hsmi=73781183
///////
TIP:
Google® grading
catalysts to learn more.
WARNING: While you will find tasty tidbits of
information, you will have to slog through a monumental pile of dross to find
them.
Thursday, June 20, 2019
Sunday, June 16, 2019
Adoption Is an Option: Adopting the Fourth Industrial Revolution in Oil and Gas Exploration
The following article came to me thanks to one of my Google® Scholar email
alerts …
///////
Adopting the Fourth Industrial Revolution in Oil and Gas Exploration
Authors: A. Al-Naser and M. Al-Habib
Ensosoft (www.ensosoft.com)
Event name: 81st EAGE Conference and Exhibition 2019
Session: Deep Learning and Data Analytics – Methods and Applications I
Publication date: 03 June 2019
Organisations: EAGE
Summary:
The increasing flow of data along with rapid advancements in computing domain have led to the need of new paradigms to optimize the oil and gas exploration workflows. This brings the need of adopting the fourth industrial revolution (IR4), which is a result of emerging technologies such as Big Data, artificial intelligence, and robotics. Our method to adopt IR4 in the exploration domain is based on three pillars. First, alignment is required among entities within a corporate to overcome challenges and establish a roadmap with common goals. Second, awareness needs to be raised among all stakeholders. This can be achieved through formal education, online programs, and workshops. Third, empowerment from different aspects is required, including computing infrastructure, data access, and across domain collaboration. Adopting such paradigm shift is challenging, especially for oil and gas exploration. This is due to the high degree of uncertainty in interpretation data, a return of investment that is not straightforward to measure, and multiple data related challenges such as quality, integration, and traceability. To adopt this new transformation, we recommend a number of steps. Those include data science skills development and a cyclic transformation approach to develop IR4 business cases.
source: http://www.earthdoc.org/publication/publicationdetails/?publication=97369
///////
TIP: Google Adopting the Fourth Industrial Revolution in Oil and Gas
One result:
Industry 4.0 101 – A Simplified Guide to the Fourth Industrial Revolution and its Application in the Oil and Gas Industry*
Why Google this? Because now you have access to the PDF containing the entire presentation. Click on the link below to see it …
source: http://www.searchanddiscovery.com/documents/2019/70380al-nahhas/ndx_al-nahhas.pdf
///////
TIP: Google® cyber physical integration, which is one of the key phrases in the article titled “Industry 4.0 101 – A Simplified Guide to the Fourth Industrial Revolution and its Application in the Oil and Gas Industry,” which you found when you followed the previous TIP, Google® Adopting the Fourth Industrial Revolution in Oil and Gas.
Results include …
///////
Adopting the Fourth Industrial Revolution in Oil and Gas Exploration
Authors: A. Al-Naser and M. Al-Habib
Ensosoft (www.ensosoft.com)
Event name: 81st EAGE Conference and Exhibition 2019
Session: Deep Learning and Data Analytics – Methods and Applications I
Publication date: 03 June 2019
Organisations: EAGE
Summary:
The increasing flow of data along with rapid advancements in computing domain have led to the need of new paradigms to optimize the oil and gas exploration workflows. This brings the need of adopting the fourth industrial revolution (IR4), which is a result of emerging technologies such as Big Data, artificial intelligence, and robotics. Our method to adopt IR4 in the exploration domain is based on three pillars. First, alignment is required among entities within a corporate to overcome challenges and establish a roadmap with common goals. Second, awareness needs to be raised among all stakeholders. This can be achieved through formal education, online programs, and workshops. Third, empowerment from different aspects is required, including computing infrastructure, data access, and across domain collaboration. Adopting such paradigm shift is challenging, especially for oil and gas exploration. This is due to the high degree of uncertainty in interpretation data, a return of investment that is not straightforward to measure, and multiple data related challenges such as quality, integration, and traceability. To adopt this new transformation, we recommend a number of steps. Those include data science skills development and a cyclic transformation approach to develop IR4 business cases.
source: http://www.earthdoc.org/publication/publicationdetails/?publication=97369
///////
TIP: Google Adopting the Fourth Industrial Revolution in Oil and Gas
One result:
Industry 4.0 101 – A Simplified Guide to the Fourth Industrial Revolution and its Application in the Oil and Gas Industry*
Why Google this? Because now you have access to the PDF containing the entire presentation. Click on the link below to see it …
source: http://www.searchanddiscovery.com/documents/2019/70380al-nahhas/ndx_al-nahhas.pdf
///////
TIP: Google® cyber physical integration, which is one of the key phrases in the article titled “Industry 4.0 101 – A Simplified Guide to the Fourth Industrial Revolution and its Application in the Oil and Gas Industry,” which you found when you followed the previous TIP, Google® Adopting the Fourth Industrial Revolution in Oil and Gas.
Results include …
|
Toward a science
of cyber–physical system integration - Sztipanovits
- Cited by 265
Industry 4.0 with cyber-physical integration: A design … - Saldivar - Cited by 51 Cyber-physical systems: Milestones and research … - Park - Cited by 129 |
|
And a final bonus TIP … pay attention to the Cited by number. It can alert you to the significance of the article in the scientific community.
Thursday, June 13, 2019
Fuzzy Wuzzy Was a Bear: Fuzzy Logic and Hydrodesulfurization
From King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals comes an article titled “Transparent
predictive modelling of catalytic hydrodesulfurization using an interval type-2
fuzzy logic.”
It describes a method using machine learning to explore catalytic hydrodesulfuration.
TIP: Google® “Transparent predictive modelling of catalytic hydrodesulfurization using an interval type-2 fuzzy logic.”
You will find two sources for the full text of this article. One you will you have to pay for. The other is free, if you take the time to register with researchgate.net (https://www.researchgate.net/).
Here is the abstract of the article …
///////
Journal of Cleaner Production
Available online 22 May 2019
Transparent predictive modelling of catalytic hydrodesulfurization using an interval type-2 fuzzy logic
Hamdi A. Al-Jamimi a, Tawfik A. Saleh b
a Information and Computer Science Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
b Chemistry Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
Highlights
• Model for desulfurization using interval type-2 fuzzy logic approach is developed.
• Proposed system uses interval type-2 fuzzy in premises and consequences of rules.
• Mamdani based interval T2FL toolbox is developed.
• The interval T2FL system shows robust performance against the uncertainties.
• Constructed model prediction accuracy was validated using real experimental data.
Abstract
Optimizing the desulfurization process in reactors would assist in predicting the performance of catalysts, and in turn, the final sulfur concentration in fuel. Machine learning (ML) techniques have proven their predictive capacity in solving challenging problems in the petroleum industry. Several ML-based sulfur predictors have been designed to predict the sulfur concentration in fuel products. The capability to handle the impression and uncertainty present in the real-world environment has made fuzzy logic (FL) one of the most commonly utilized soft computing paradigms in modeling. This paper proposes an interval type-2 fuzzy logic model to optimize the use of catalysts for hydrodesulfurization (HDS) in an oil refinery for cleaner production. Such optimization assists decision makers in identifying the precise required conditions such as temperature, pressure and the amount of catalyst required to avoid unexpected redesulfurization. The catalyst was synthesized from AlMoCo modified with boron, phosphorus or bismuth. A series of hydrodesulfurization was performed using these catalysts under various conditions. The collected data were used to build and test the model. The results showed a promising prediction performance in terms of average absolute relative error (AARE = 0.0647) and the squared correlation coefficient (R2=0.995). Further experimental validation done on unexplored parameter settings demonstrates that the predicted values obtained from the proposed model corresponds closely with the follow-up experimental results where an average absolute difference of less than 4 ppm was recorded. This proves the capacity of the interval type-2 FL model in handling uncertainty, which holds great promise for cleaner production of oil. The reported model prove to be good for prediction of catalysts performance in a single unit, however, it cannot be used for catalysts in dual units.
Keywords
Chemical engineering; Catalysts optimization; Environmental sustainability; Modeling; Type-2 fuzzy logic; Desulfurization
source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652619317585
///////
TIP: Google® hydrodesulfurization king fahd to find other interesting articles in the same vein.
Here are some results from the search …
///////
Synthesis of a Ti-SBA-15-NiMo Hydrodesulfurization Catalyst: The ...
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.iecr.7b00719
by SA Ganiyu - 2017 - Cited by 7 - Related articles
Apr 23, 2017 - Refining and Petrochemicals, King Fahd University of Petroleum and ... catalysts are necessary for ultradeep hydrodesulfurization (UD-.
US Patent Application for HYDRODESULFURIZATION CATALYST ...
https://patents.justia.com/patent/20180100107
Apr 12, 2018 - A single-pot method of producing a hydrodesulfurization catalyst by ... Latest King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Patents: SENSOR ...
Study on Hydrodesulfurization of a Mixture of Middle Distillates ...
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13369-017-3005-1
by MF Abid - 2018 - Related articles
Dec 20, 2017 - This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of a mixture ... King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals 2017 ...
Study on Hydrodesulfurization of a Mixture of Middle ... - Springer
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs13369-017-3005-1.pdf
Dec 20, 2017 - King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals 2017. Abstract. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of a ...
Thermodynamic Aspects of Hydrodesulfurization and ...
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/10916460500526973
by SA Ali - 2007 - Cited by 8 - Related articles
Center for Refining and Petrochemicals, The Research Institute, King Fahd ... Keywords: hydrodenitrogenation, hydrodesulfurization, hydrotreating reactions, re-.
Thermodynamic Aspects of Hydrodesulfurization and ... - ResearchGate
https://www.researchgate.net/.../233474165_Thermodynamic_Aspects_of_Hydrodesulfu...
Syed Ali at King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals ... a comprehensive review of the thermodynamics of hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation, ...
Factors influencing the performance of naphtha hydro-desulfurization ...
https://www.researchgate.net/.../241068171_Factors_influencing_the_performance_of_...
Apr 25, 2019 - Syed Ali at King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals ... performance of the two CoMo catalysts was evaluated for hydrodesulfurization of ...
Performance evaluation of HDS catalysts by ... - ScienceDirect.com
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/001623619500076H/pdf?md5...
by JA Anabtawi - 1995 - Cited by 12 - Related articles
Petroleum and Gas Technology Division, The Research institute, King Fahd ... results of pilot plant evaluation of two commercial hydrodesulfurization (HDS).
Synthesis, application and kinetic modeling of CeO x –Si–CoMo ...
https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2019/re/c8re00330k
by A Tanimu - 2019 - Cited by 2 - Related articles
Jan 24, 2019 - aDepartment of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, ... The ultradeep hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of fuel with a highly ...
Development of hydrodesulfurization catalyst using comparative ...
https://research.tue.nl/.../development-of-hydrodesulfurization-catalyst-using-comparativ...
by H Nakamura - 2008 - Cited by 2 - Related articles
Development of hydrodesulfurization catalyst using comparative model feed reactions and ... Publisher, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals.
////////
And finally, as a reward for having the patience to browse to the bottom of this post, here is a parting tip …
TIP: Create a Google® Scholar email alert for “king fahd university”
Because King Fahd University is focused on petroleum, any published research from that institution will be worth at least a glance.
It describes a method using machine learning to explore catalytic hydrodesulfuration.
TIP: Google® “Transparent predictive modelling of catalytic hydrodesulfurization using an interval type-2 fuzzy logic.”
You will find two sources for the full text of this article. One you will you have to pay for. The other is free, if you take the time to register with researchgate.net (https://www.researchgate.net/).
Here is the abstract of the article …
///////
Journal of Cleaner Production
Available online 22 May 2019
Transparent predictive modelling of catalytic hydrodesulfurization using an interval type-2 fuzzy logic
Hamdi A. Al-Jamimi a, Tawfik A. Saleh b
a Information and Computer Science Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
b Chemistry Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
Highlights
• Model for desulfurization using interval type-2 fuzzy logic approach is developed.
• Proposed system uses interval type-2 fuzzy in premises and consequences of rules.
• Mamdani based interval T2FL toolbox is developed.
• The interval T2FL system shows robust performance against the uncertainties.
• Constructed model prediction accuracy was validated using real experimental data.
Abstract
Optimizing the desulfurization process in reactors would assist in predicting the performance of catalysts, and in turn, the final sulfur concentration in fuel. Machine learning (ML) techniques have proven their predictive capacity in solving challenging problems in the petroleum industry. Several ML-based sulfur predictors have been designed to predict the sulfur concentration in fuel products. The capability to handle the impression and uncertainty present in the real-world environment has made fuzzy logic (FL) one of the most commonly utilized soft computing paradigms in modeling. This paper proposes an interval type-2 fuzzy logic model to optimize the use of catalysts for hydrodesulfurization (HDS) in an oil refinery for cleaner production. Such optimization assists decision makers in identifying the precise required conditions such as temperature, pressure and the amount of catalyst required to avoid unexpected redesulfurization. The catalyst was synthesized from AlMoCo modified with boron, phosphorus or bismuth. A series of hydrodesulfurization was performed using these catalysts under various conditions. The collected data were used to build and test the model. The results showed a promising prediction performance in terms of average absolute relative error (AARE = 0.0647) and the squared correlation coefficient (R2=0.995). Further experimental validation done on unexplored parameter settings demonstrates that the predicted values obtained from the proposed model corresponds closely with the follow-up experimental results where an average absolute difference of less than 4 ppm was recorded. This proves the capacity of the interval type-2 FL model in handling uncertainty, which holds great promise for cleaner production of oil. The reported model prove to be good for prediction of catalysts performance in a single unit, however, it cannot be used for catalysts in dual units.
Keywords
Chemical engineering; Catalysts optimization; Environmental sustainability; Modeling; Type-2 fuzzy logic; Desulfurization
source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652619317585
///////
TIP: Google® hydrodesulfurization king fahd to find other interesting articles in the same vein.
Here are some results from the search …
///////
Synthesis of a Ti-SBA-15-NiMo Hydrodesulfurization Catalyst: The ...
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.iecr.7b00719
by SA Ganiyu - 2017 - Cited by 7 - Related articles
Apr 23, 2017 - Refining and Petrochemicals, King Fahd University of Petroleum and ... catalysts are necessary for ultradeep hydrodesulfurization (UD-.
US Patent Application for HYDRODESULFURIZATION CATALYST ...
https://patents.justia.com/patent/20180100107
Apr 12, 2018 - A single-pot method of producing a hydrodesulfurization catalyst by ... Latest King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Patents: SENSOR ...
Study on Hydrodesulfurization of a Mixture of Middle Distillates ...
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13369-017-3005-1
by MF Abid - 2018 - Related articles
Dec 20, 2017 - This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of a mixture ... King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals 2017 ...
Study on Hydrodesulfurization of a Mixture of Middle ... - Springer
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs13369-017-3005-1.pdf
Dec 20, 2017 - King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals 2017. Abstract. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of a ...
Thermodynamic Aspects of Hydrodesulfurization and ...
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/10916460500526973
by SA Ali - 2007 - Cited by 8 - Related articles
Center for Refining and Petrochemicals, The Research Institute, King Fahd ... Keywords: hydrodenitrogenation, hydrodesulfurization, hydrotreating reactions, re-.
Thermodynamic Aspects of Hydrodesulfurization and ... - ResearchGate
https://www.researchgate.net/.../233474165_Thermodynamic_Aspects_of_Hydrodesulfu...
Syed Ali at King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals ... a comprehensive review of the thermodynamics of hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation, ...
Factors influencing the performance of naphtha hydro-desulfurization ...
https://www.researchgate.net/.../241068171_Factors_influencing_the_performance_of_...
Apr 25, 2019 - Syed Ali at King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals ... performance of the two CoMo catalysts was evaluated for hydrodesulfurization of ...
Performance evaluation of HDS catalysts by ... - ScienceDirect.com
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/001623619500076H/pdf?md5...
by JA Anabtawi - 1995 - Cited by 12 - Related articles
Petroleum and Gas Technology Division, The Research institute, King Fahd ... results of pilot plant evaluation of two commercial hydrodesulfurization (HDS).
Synthesis, application and kinetic modeling of CeO x –Si–CoMo ...
https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2019/re/c8re00330k
by A Tanimu - 2019 - Cited by 2 - Related articles
Jan 24, 2019 - aDepartment of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, ... The ultradeep hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of fuel with a highly ...
Development of hydrodesulfurization catalyst using comparative ...
https://research.tue.nl/.../development-of-hydrodesulfurization-catalyst-using-comparativ...
by H Nakamura - 2008 - Cited by 2 - Related articles
Development of hydrodesulfurization catalyst using comparative model feed reactions and ... Publisher, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals.
////////
And finally, as a reward for having the patience to browse to the bottom of this post, here is a parting tip …
TIP: Create a Google® Scholar email alert for “king fahd university”
Because King Fahd University is focused on petroleum, any published research from that institution will be worth at least a glance.
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