Tuesday, October 31, 2017

Librarian Leverage


Time, as they say, is of the essence.  Researching developments of your fellow researchers on the Web takes time. The time you spend on the Web takes away from the time you can spend on your research.
 

Do yourself a favor.  Enlist the help of your librarian or research assistant.
 

To make the most effective use of their help, I recommend training them to be able to spot the items that will be most useful to you.

Follow these steps to make the most of the talents of your librarian or research assistant.

  • Find a book focusing, broadly speaking, on your area of interest
  • Buy the book
  • Read the book. If, after reading it, you decide it is not quite right, find another book and start over
  • Ask your librarian or research assistant to read the book
  • Meet with this person to explain precisely which aspects of the technology described in the book are of greatest interest to you

Then set them loose.  The results of their online research will be so outstanding that you will be grateful for the time you spent on training.

Example … Since catalysis plays so central a role in just about everything, you might consider the following item.

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Catalysis: An integrated textbook
U Hanefeld, L Lefferts - 2017
From the Preface
This book aims to be a consise yet thorough introduction to catalysis for the interested reader, be it a student or a research scientist who quickly wants to refresh essential knowledge. The book Catalysis: An Integrated Textbook is based on the CAIA course (Catalysis, An Integrated Approach) organized by NIOK (Nederlands Instituut voor Onderxoek in de Katalyse) for more than a quarter of a century. Since 2001, this course is taught in one week on the North Sea island Schiermonnikoog. It has been the first post-doctoral course on catalysis in the broadest sense ... The unifying concepts of biocatalysis, homogenous and heterogenous ctatalysis are ... highlighted.
Free preview: https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=lang_en&id=reQ5DwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR13&dq=petrochemical+(integrated+OR+integration+OR+integrating)&ots=1SLJ2a1EDm&sig=1P-mlmh-rv-ZdpikmAbXVi0_DiI#v=onepage&q=petrochemical%20(integrated%20OR%20integration%20OR%20integrating)&f=false
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To repeat … if the first book you identify does not work for you, find another book.

TIP: Finding the right book is KEY to making this strategy work.  While finding the right book is necessary, however, it is not sufficient.  You must follow the other steps to get the results you want.

NOTE: If you are in the unfortunate position of being without a librarian or research assistant, contact us at Jean Steinhardt Consulting (www.jeansteinhardtconsulting.com)  We are quite trainable.


Wednesday, October 25, 2017

Follow That Expert!



Breakthrough technology often has a person’s name associated with it.

TIP: When you identify the name of a particular individual, make a point of following that expert.

For example, Chunshan Song’s name crops up repeatedly in breakthrough research related to desulfurization.

When you Google® Scholar (https://scholar.google.com/) the phrase chunshan song desulfurization you will see loads of results associated with his name.

But if you are focusing on recent breakthroughs, try limiting the results to since 2017, an option located in the left hand sidebar.

One result in the since 2017 list is …

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[O]-induced reactive adsorptive desulfurization of liquid fuel over Ag XO@ SBA-15 under ambient conditions
F Ye, G Miao, L Wu, Y Wu, Z Li, C Song… - Chemical Engineering …, 2017 - Elsevier
Abstract: The development of processes for clean energy production with low energy consumption is a central strategy for a sustainable and environmentally friendly planet. Here we report a novel [O]-induced reactive adsorptive desulfurization (RADS) approach for ultra-
Source: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009250917302798
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HINT: Browse through the list to find other items that CITE Chunsan Song’s work.  An example is the following Saudi Aramco patent …

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Targeted desulfurization apparatus integrating oxidative desulfurization and hydrodesulfurization to produce diesel fuel having an ultra-low level of organosulfur compounds
A Bourane, OR Koseoglu, MI Katheeri - US Patent 9,644,156, 2017 - Google Patents
Publication number            US9644156 B2
Publication type  Grant
Application number            US 15/082,717
Publication date May 9, 2017
Original Assignee               Saudi Arabian Oil Company
US 9644156 B2
Abstract
Deep desulfurization of hydrocarbon feeds containing undesired organosulfur compounds to produce a hydrocarbon product having low levels of sulfur, i.e., 15 ppmw or less of sulfur, is achieved by flashing the feed at a target cut point temperature to obtain two fractions. A first fraction contains refractory organosulfur compounds, which boil at or above the target cut point temperature. A second fraction boiling below the target cut point temperature is substantially free of refractory sulfur-containing compounds. The second fraction is contacted with a hydrodesulfurization catalyst in a hydrodesulfurization reaction zone operating under mild conditions to reduce the quantity of organosulfur compounds to an ultra-low level. The first fraction is contacted with an oxidizing agent and an active metal catalyst in an oxidation reaction zone to convert the refractory organosulfur compounds to oxidized organosulfur compounds. The oxidized organosulfur compounds are removed, producing a stream containing an ultra-low level of organosulfur compounds. The two streams can be combined to obtain a full range hydrocarbon product having an ultra-low level of organosulfur compounds.
Full Text Source: https://www.google.com/patents/US9644156
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Friday, October 20, 2017

Recommended Reading: Nanotechnology in Oil and Gas Industries



Nanotechnology in Oil and Gas Industries (http://www.springer.com/us/book/9783319606293) is a book worth adding to your library. [HINT: If your company employs a librarian, ask him or her to add it to the collection.]

One of the chapters in the book is …

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Nanotechnology in Oil and Gas Industries
Selective Sulfur Removal from Liquid Fuels Using Nanostructured Adsorbents
Diana Iruretagoyena (Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK)
Raul Montesano (Haldor Topsoe A/S, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark)
Part of the Topics in Mining, Metallurgy and Materials Engineering book series (TMMME)
Abstract
In recent years, there has been an increasing pressure to develop strategies to reduce the level of sulfur in transportation fuels due to stringent environmental regulations. Currently, hydrodesulfurization (HDS) is the most mature (pre-FCC) technology to remove sulfur from gasoline and diesel. However, conventional HDS can hardly produce ultra-low sulfur fuels while maintaining important fuel requirements (i.e., oxygen content, overall aromatic content, olefin content for gasoline, and cetane number for diesel). As a consequence, improvement of existing HDS processes and development of new desulfurization technologies is needed. In this regard, selective adsorption removal of sulfur (SARS) is a promising emerging approach for ultra-deep desulfurization of refinery streams by means of solid adsorbents. Contrary to HDS, SARS is usually carried out at low temperatures and pressures with minimal hydrogen consumption, preventing olefin hydrogenation and thus maintaining the properties of the fuels. This chapter presents a general overview of SARS. Emphasis is given to the use of nanostructured materials as sulfur adsorbents. Section 5.1 introduces the chapter presenting a general description of HDS, SARS and other emerging desulfurization technologies. Section 5.2 describes the two main groups of SARS (adsorption desulfurization and reactive adsorption desulfurization). Subsequently, the three main mechanisms for sulfur adsorption (p-complexation, direct sulfur–adsorption site interactions, and bulk incorporation in reactive adsorption desulfurization) are reviewed. Section 5.3 gives an overview of relevant literature concerning the use of promising groups of nanostructured adsorbents for SARS including zeolites, MOFs, mesoporous silicas, and carbon-nanostructured adsorbents. Finally, Sect. 5.4 gives some concluding remarks.
source: http://www.springer.com/us/book/9783319606293
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OTHER CHAPTERS INCLUDE
Mechanisms of Desulfurization by Nanomaterials
W Ahmad, I Ahmad - Nanotechnology in Oil and Gas Industries, 2018
... compounds. In adsorptive desulfurization, the adsorbent materials selectively retain
the sulfur compounds by p-complexation or physical adsorption. In ... 4.2.1 Adsorption
Involving p-Complexation of Sulfur Compounds. The former ...
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Improvement of Hydrodesulfurization Catalysts Based on Insight of Nano Structures and Reaction Mechanisms
H Ge, Z Qiu, Z Ge, W Han - Nanotechnology in Oil and Gas Industries, 2018
... catalyst. They found that in unsupported Co(Ni)Mo(W)S 2 system, the hydrogenation
and HDS ability of MoS 2 or WS 2 can be significantly enhanced by the spillover
hydrogen which is produced on the NiS x or CoS x phase. ...
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TIP: Search the book title Nanotechnology in Oil and Gas Industries in Google® Books (https://books.google.com/bkshp?hl=en&tab=wp) for a free preview.