Here’s an interesting article authored by several researchers from Portugal …
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Fuel
Volume 234, 15 December 2018, Pages 414-421
Towards a sulfur
clean fuel: Deep extraction of thiophene and dibenzothiophene using
polyethylene glycol-based deep eutectic solvents
Filipa Lima a, b, c, d, e, Justine Gouvenaux a, Luis C. Branco b, c,
Armando J.D. Silvestre d, Isabel M. Marrucho a, e
a Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de
Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
b Solchemar, Lda, Rua 5 de Outubro n° 121C, 1°E, 7580-128 Alcácer do Sal,
Portugal
c LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de
Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
d CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials and Department of Chemistry, Universidade
de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
e Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova
de Lisboa, Av. Da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2018.07.043
Abstract
In this work, extractive desulfurization of model fuel
containing dibenzothiophene (DBT) and thiophene (Th) as sulfur compounds was
carried out using 16 different Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) based on
polyethylene glycol (PEG) and its precursors. The aim of this study is the
reduction of the sulfur content of fuels below the environmental regulation
(10 ppm), using PEG-based DES as low-cost extraction media under mild
conditions and to compare their extractive performance with that of PEG alone,
which by itself is a green solvent. For that purpose, 7 different quaternary
ammonium and phosphonium salts were combined with four different molecular
weight grades of PEG and PEG precursors such as ethylene glycol and triethylene
glycol. The best results were obtained for the DES composed of
tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBAC) and PEG400, which showed that it is possible
to achieve, in single extraction step, 85% and 68% of extraction efficiency,
and deep desulfurization in 2 and 3 cycles, for DBT and Th, respectively. In
addition, this DES is not soluble in the model fuel and its extraction capacity
is independent on the starting sulfur concentration. Finally, after being
reused six times, TBAC:PEG400 DES still maintained 53% and 17% of its capacity,
for DBT and Th removal, respectively, and after a regeneration step the
performance of the DES was fully recovered.
source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016236118312420
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TIP: Google® extractive
desulfurization of model fuel as a quick way to find related
articles. Following is a small sample of
search results.
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Extractive
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JJ Raj, S Magaret, M Pranesh, KC Lethesh… - Separation and …, 2018
- Elsevier
A series of ester functionalized imidazolium ionic liquids (ILs) with
varying alkyl chain length
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of ILs. NMR (1 H and 13 C) and elemental analysis were used to confirm the
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… reported that vanadium substituted Dawson type emulsion catalyst has
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Screening deep eutectic solvent (DES) is significant for separation
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Oxidative desulfurization process of model fuel under molecular
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… Mo 17 V 1 O 62 ·mH 2 O was obtained through extraction
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303-310. [11] FR Moghadam, S Azizian, M Bayat, et al.Extractive desulfurization of
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[PDF] researchgate.net
Desulfurization of liquid fuels by extraction and
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D Julião, AC Gomes, M Pillinger, R Valença… - Applied
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… By sequentially performing extractive desulfurization
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… the knowledge of mutual solubilities between water and ILs is of major
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[PDF] researchgate.net
Oxidative-extractive
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… In presence of Lewis acid, organic acids show better extraction
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Quantum Chemical
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… S-compounds, for example, adsorption,[10,11] oxidation,[12] bio-desulfurization,[13]
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[PDF] qu.edu.qa
Desulfurization of the
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… Deep desulfurization of
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