“A child of five would understand this. Send someone to fetch a child of five.” -- Groucho Marx (American Comedian, Actor and Singer, 1890-1977)
Organizations of all types, including yours, seek ways to automate the process of fetching the information your people need to do their work.
Vendors are responding to the demand with a fetching array of fetching solutions. Now you are left with another problem ... how to select the vendor solution that is best for your organization.
Let's say, for example, that one of your researchers needs the full text of the following article ...
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Direct JP-8 Conversion Using a Liquid Tin Anode Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (LTA-SOFC) for Military ApplicationsJ. Fuel Cell Sci. Technol. -- August 2011 -- Volume 8, Issue 4, 041007 (5 pages)
W. A. G. McPhee, L. Bateman, M. Koslowske, M. Slaney, Z. Uzep, J. Bentley, and T. Tao
CellTech Power LCC, 131 Flanders Road, Westborough, MA 01581
A liquid tin anode solid oxide fuel cell (LTA-SOFC) is actively being developed for direct utilization of JP-8 logistic fuel. Since its invention in 1998, the LTA-SOFC has demonstrated the ability to operate on various carbonaceous fuels including hydrocarbons, alcohols, carbon, biomass, and coal without fuel reforming or reprocessing to remove known impurities such as sulfur. Natural gas fueled 1 kW stand alone prototypes for distributed power generation and have previously demonstrated over 2000 h of continuous operation. The aim is to develop simple and reliable portable power that operates directly off JP-8 and other carbonaceous fuels. The current program focuses on improvement of power density and cell manufacturability. Cell geometry was modified from the previous design to optimize power density while minimizing cell weight and volume. The cell construction is a liquid tin anode housed in a porous separator, an 8 mol % yttria stabilized electrolyte, and a strontium doped lanthanum magnate cathode. Experimentation was conducted on single cells at 1000°C. The JP-8 fuel used for experimentation contained a sulfur content of 1400 ppm. The direct JP-8 conversion in a LTA-SOFC demonstrated up to 41% efficiency. The LTA-SOFC was also capable of maintaining greater than 30% efficiency at 70% of maximum power output at a JP-8 flow rate of 10 µl min-1. Continuous operation with direct conversion of JP-8 was sustained for over 100 h with efficiencies of 41–17%. A maximum power density of 120 mW cm-2 was sustainable on a JP-8 flow rate of 50 µl min-1. The current Gen 3.1 cell design can sustain a maximum power of 120 mW cm-2 by direct conversion of JP-8 without fuel processing, reforming, or sulfur removal. Efficiencies of up to 41% were sustained for a minimum of 1 h, with continuous operation on JP-8 for over 100 h. Further performance improvements are anticipated, thereby facilitating LTA-SOFCs use for military and civilian applications that demand flexible fuel.
source: http://scitation.aip.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=JFCSAU000008000004041007000001&idtype=cvips&gifs=yes&ref=no ///////
Another researcher needs the following article ...
///////
Fuel, Article in Press, Corrected Proof - Note to users
Desulfurization behavior of zinc oxide based sorbent modified by the combination of Al2O3 and K2CO3 Ju Shangguan (a), Yousheng Zhao (a), Huiling Fan (a), Litong Liang (a), Fang Shen (a) and Maoqian Miao (a)
a Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
Received 19 October 2010; revised 10 April 2011; accepted 14 April 2011. Available online 24 April 2011.
shanggj62@163.com
Abstract
In order to reduce the unfavorable effect of carbon oxide on desulfurization efficiency for zinc oxide based sorbent and decrease the concentration of carbonyl sulfide in effluent gas during desulfurization process, the modification of zinc oxide based sorbent is necessary in the preparation of zinc oxide based desulfurization sorbent. In this paper, the modified ZnO based desulfurization sorbents were obtained by mixing of active zinc oxide with different additives, which include graphite, Al2O3 and K2CO3, then shaping at ambient temperature, drying at 120 °C and calcinating at 550 °C. The desulfurization performances for the prepared ZnO based desulfurization sorbents were tested in a quartz upflow fixed-bed reactor under the condition of 300 °C, 2000 h-1 and simulated coal-derived gas. The phases of sorbents before and after desulfurization were characterized by X-ray diffractometer, and their pore structures were measured by N2 adsorption–desorption method. The experimental results show that COS was present in effluent gas for ZnO based sorbent while removing H2S from simulated coal-derived gas at experimental condition. ZnO based desulfurization sorbent modified by the combination of K2CO3 and Al2O3 achieves obvious improvements in the desulfurization performance, and H2S and COS concentrations in exit gas are below 0.1 mgS/m3 before breakthrough point as well as the accumulated breakthrough sulfur capacity reaches 14 wt.%. Adding Al2O3 can improve the pore structure of ZnO based desulfurization sorbent, which benefits H2S to diffuse in the pore of sorbent and improves desulfurization performance. Loading K2CO3 can increase the basicity of ZnO based desulfurization sorbent, which raises the COS catalytic hydrolysis rate on sorbent and decreases concentration of COS present in exit gas.
source: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016236111002183 ///////
And two other researchers need two other articles from two other sources. So how can you make it possible for each of your people to get the full text of the articles they need to do their work?
(1) Do you give all your researchers company cards and trust them to make good purchasing decisions?
(2) Do you hire someone to make those purchases for them?
(3) Or do you find a vendor who can automate the purchase of articles no matter what the source?
Most organizations are gravitating toward the third option. Which brings us to the problem of choosing the right vendor.
Organizations of all types, including yours, seek ways to automate the process of fetching the information your people need to do their work.
Vendors are responding to the demand with a fetching array of fetching solutions. Now you are left with another problem ... how to select the vendor solution that is best for your organization.
Let's say, for example, that one of your researchers needs the full text of the following article ...
///////
Direct JP-8 Conversion Using a Liquid Tin Anode Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (LTA-SOFC) for Military ApplicationsJ. Fuel Cell Sci. Technol. -- August 2011 -- Volume 8, Issue 4, 041007 (5 pages)
W. A. G. McPhee, L. Bateman, M. Koslowske, M. Slaney, Z. Uzep, J. Bentley, and T. Tao
CellTech Power LCC, 131 Flanders Road, Westborough, MA 01581
A liquid tin anode solid oxide fuel cell (LTA-SOFC) is actively being developed for direct utilization of JP-8 logistic fuel. Since its invention in 1998, the LTA-SOFC has demonstrated the ability to operate on various carbonaceous fuels including hydrocarbons, alcohols, carbon, biomass, and coal without fuel reforming or reprocessing to remove known impurities such as sulfur. Natural gas fueled 1 kW stand alone prototypes for distributed power generation and have previously demonstrated over 2000 h of continuous operation. The aim is to develop simple and reliable portable power that operates directly off JP-8 and other carbonaceous fuels. The current program focuses on improvement of power density and cell manufacturability. Cell geometry was modified from the previous design to optimize power density while minimizing cell weight and volume. The cell construction is a liquid tin anode housed in a porous separator, an 8 mol % yttria stabilized electrolyte, and a strontium doped lanthanum magnate cathode. Experimentation was conducted on single cells at 1000°C. The JP-8 fuel used for experimentation contained a sulfur content of 1400 ppm. The direct JP-8 conversion in a LTA-SOFC demonstrated up to 41% efficiency. The LTA-SOFC was also capable of maintaining greater than 30% efficiency at 70% of maximum power output at a JP-8 flow rate of 10 µl min-1. Continuous operation with direct conversion of JP-8 was sustained for over 100 h with efficiencies of 41–17%. A maximum power density of 120 mW cm-2 was sustainable on a JP-8 flow rate of 50 µl min-1. The current Gen 3.1 cell design can sustain a maximum power of 120 mW cm-2 by direct conversion of JP-8 without fuel processing, reforming, or sulfur removal. Efficiencies of up to 41% were sustained for a minimum of 1 h, with continuous operation on JP-8 for over 100 h. Further performance improvements are anticipated, thereby facilitating LTA-SOFCs use for military and civilian applications that demand flexible fuel.
source: http://scitation.aip.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=JFCSAU000008000004041007000001&idtype=cvips&gifs=yes&ref=no ///////
Another researcher needs the following article ...
///////
Fuel, Article in Press, Corrected Proof - Note to users
Desulfurization behavior of zinc oxide based sorbent modified by the combination of Al2O3 and K2CO3 Ju Shangguan (a), Yousheng Zhao (a), Huiling Fan (a), Litong Liang (a), Fang Shen (a) and Maoqian Miao (a)
a Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
Received 19 October 2010; revised 10 April 2011; accepted 14 April 2011. Available online 24 April 2011.
shanggj62@163.com
Abstract
In order to reduce the unfavorable effect of carbon oxide on desulfurization efficiency for zinc oxide based sorbent and decrease the concentration of carbonyl sulfide in effluent gas during desulfurization process, the modification of zinc oxide based sorbent is necessary in the preparation of zinc oxide based desulfurization sorbent. In this paper, the modified ZnO based desulfurization sorbents were obtained by mixing of active zinc oxide with different additives, which include graphite, Al2O3 and K2CO3, then shaping at ambient temperature, drying at 120 °C and calcinating at 550 °C. The desulfurization performances for the prepared ZnO based desulfurization sorbents were tested in a quartz upflow fixed-bed reactor under the condition of 300 °C, 2000 h-1 and simulated coal-derived gas. The phases of sorbents before and after desulfurization were characterized by X-ray diffractometer, and their pore structures were measured by N2 adsorption–desorption method. The experimental results show that COS was present in effluent gas for ZnO based sorbent while removing H2S from simulated coal-derived gas at experimental condition. ZnO based desulfurization sorbent modified by the combination of K2CO3 and Al2O3 achieves obvious improvements in the desulfurization performance, and H2S and COS concentrations in exit gas are below 0.1 mgS/m3 before breakthrough point as well as the accumulated breakthrough sulfur capacity reaches 14 wt.%. Adding Al2O3 can improve the pore structure of ZnO based desulfurization sorbent, which benefits H2S to diffuse in the pore of sorbent and improves desulfurization performance. Loading K2CO3 can increase the basicity of ZnO based desulfurization sorbent, which raises the COS catalytic hydrolysis rate on sorbent and decreases concentration of COS present in exit gas.
source: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016236111002183 ///////
And two other researchers need two other articles from two other sources. So how can you make it possible for each of your people to get the full text of the articles they need to do their work?
(1) Do you give all your researchers company cards and trust them to make good purchasing decisions?
(2) Do you hire someone to make those purchases for them?
(3) Or do you find a vendor who can automate the purchase of articles no matter what the source?
Most organizations are gravitating toward the third option. Which brings us to the problem of choosing the right vendor.
The Outsell briefing provides background on the things professional information managers look for in a vendor, as well as tables listing typical vendors, their services, fees, and copyright policies.
It also ranks the vendors, based on the results of a survey of professional information managers.Visit the Outsell Web to learn how to get a copy of the briefing.
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Here's another tip ... place a feed of the Desulfurization Blog (http://www.desulf.blogspot.com/) on your Intranet. It will provide a continuing series of tips to help your people optimize their online research techniques, no matter what technology they are researching.
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