Do you speak Spanish? I ask because the affiliated organizations listed in the
article below offer a wealth of interesting information, much of it available
only in Spanish.
Fortunately for those of us who are Spanish challenged, this article is in English.
However, much of the work by the listed authors is available only in Spanish.
///////
Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering
Available online 31 March 2020
Theoretical evaluation of dilution processes versus thermal effects induced on the transport of heavy oil
G.Silva-Oliver (a), E.Ramírez-Jiménez (a), F.Sánchez-Minero (a)(b), H.Valdés-Pastrana (a), F.Méndez (b) G.Ascanio (c), J.P.Aguayo(c), S.Sánchez(c)
(a) UCyEH, Departamento de Ingeniería Química Petrolera, ESIQIE, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Zacatenco, D.F. 07738, Mexico
(b) Departamento de Termofluidos, Facultad de Ingeniería, UNAM, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
(c) Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas y Tecnología, UNAM, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
Highlights
• The dilution mechanism is investigated as an option to avoid considerable flow reductions in the non-isothermal transport of heavy oils.
• The impact of the time-dependent environmental temperature on the flow hydrodynamics is analyzed.
• Results reveal that the environmental thermal effects can be neutralized by the dilution mechanism.
• By carrying out an appropriate dilution process, the transport of heavy oil in buried pipelines is possible although unfavorable environmental conditions occur.
• The use of dilution processes allows avoiding a wide range of power variation in the pumping system when heavy oils are transported in buried pipelines.
Abstract
In the present work, the dilution mechanism is investigated as an option to avoid considerable flow reductions in the non-isothermal transport of heavy oils (high-viscous fluids). In this case, we assume that environmental conditions can imply appreciable thermal effects in such flows; thus, to perform an appropriate analysis, the governing equations must be modeled considering the behavior of the dynamic viscosity as a function of the temperature and composition of the fluid. To evaluate the above, the non-isothermal transport of a heavy oil along buried pipelines is analyzed, it represents a good engineering example, given that, millions of crude oil barrels are transported daily using pipeline networks. In these systems, heat transfer processes and the flow hydrodynamics work in a coupled manner due to the thermal dependence of the fluid viscosity; in addition, the present formulation is extended to include the influence of the fluid composition as a part of the study. In summary, the main results in this work allow estimating how the dilution mechanism can mitigate all thermal effects induced by the environment, which are responsible for the changes in the volumetric flow rate when the non-isothermal condition is considered. Moreover, the theoretical formulation reveals that this type of engineering application represents a version of the Graetz-Nusselt problem; where, for values of , the thermal effects dominate the flow hydrodynamics and the dilution mechanism is inefficient, obtaining a relatively small improvement in the volumetric flow rate. Conversely, for values of , the dilution mechanism controls the flow hydrodynamics, resulting in an exponential increment in the volumetric flow rate. Clearly, for the case of, both the dilution mechanism and thermal effects dispute the control of the flow hydrodynamics. Thus, we can infer that by using together an adequate thermal insulation and a good handling of the dilution mechanism, heavy oils can be transported through conventional pipelines even under unfavorable environmental conditions.
source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0920410520303296
///////
The full article is available for purchase, in English, by going to the source link shown above.
TIP: Google Instituto Politécnico Nacional Silva-Oliver
Results include …
///////
Guadalupe Silva-Oliver's research works | Instituto Politécnico ...
www.researchgate.net › 72122769_Guadalupe_Silva-Oliver
Guadalupe Silva-Oliver's 10 research works with 236 citations and 906 reads, ... Silva-Oliver's research while affiliated with Instituto Politécnico Nacional and …
Guadalupe Silva-Oliver's research while affiliated with Instituto Politécnico Nacional and other places
Publications (10)
Vapor–liquid equilibrium data for the nitrogen+n-octane system from (344.5 to 543.5)K and at pressures up to 50MPa
Article
Aug 2009
Gaudencio Eliosa-Jiménez
Fernando García-Sánchez
Guadalupe Silva-Oliver
Ricardo Macías-Salinas
A static-analytical apparatus with visual sapphire windows and pneumatic capillary samplers has been used to obtain new vapor–liquid equilibrium data for the N2 + n-octane system over the temperature range from (344.5 to 543.5) K and at pressures up to 50 MPa. Equilibrium phase compositions and vapor–liquid equilibrium ratios are reported. The new...
Request full-text
Vapor−Liquid Equilibrium Data for the Nitrogen + n-Decane System from (344 to 563) K and at Pressures up to 50 MPa†
Article
May 2009
Fernando García-Sánchez
Gaudencio Eliosa-Jiménez
Guadalupe Silva-Oliver
Blanca E. García-Flores
A static-analytical apparatus with visual sapphire windows and pneumatic capillary samplers has been used to obtain new vapor−liquid equilibrium data for the N2 + C10H22 system over a wide temperature range from (344 to 563) K and at pressures up to 50 MPa. Equilibrium phase compositions and vapor−liquid equilibrium ratios are reported. The experim...
Request full-text
High-pressure vapor–liquid equilibria in the nitrogen–n-nonane system
Aug 2007
Guadalupe Silva-Oliver
Gaudencio Eliosa-Jiménez
Fernando García-Sánchez
Juan Ramón Avendaño-Gómez
New experimental vapor–liquid equilibrium data of the N2–n-nonane system were measured over a wide temperature range from 344.3 to 543.4 K and pressures up to 50 MPa. A static-analytical apparatus with visual sapphire windows and pneumatic capillary samplers was used in the experimental measurements. Equilibrium phase compositions and vapor–liquid...
Download full-text
High-pressure (vapor+liquid) equilibria in the (nitrogen+n-heptane) system
Jun 2007
Fernando García-Sánchez
Gaudencio Eliosa-Jiménez
Guadalupe Silva-Oliver
Armando Godínez-Silva
In this work, new (vapor + liquid) equilibrium data for the (N2 + n-heptane) system were experimentally measured over a wide temperature range from (313.6 to 523.7) K and pressures up to 50 MPa. A static-analytic apparatus with visual sapphire windows and pneumatic capillary samplers was used in the experimental measurements. Equilibrium phase comp...
Request full-text
High-Pressure Vapor−Liquid Equilibria in the Nitrogen + n -Hexane System
Mar 2007
Gaudencio Eliosa-Jiménez
Guadalupe Silva-Oliver
Fernando García-Sánchez
Antonio de Ita de la Torre
In this work, new vapor−liquid equilibrium data for the N2 + C6H14 system were experimentally measured over a wide temperature range from (344 to 488) K and pressures up to 50 MPa. A static−analytical apparatus with visual sapphire windows and pneumatic capillary samplers was used during the experimental measurements. Equilibrium phase compositions...
Request full-text
High-pressure vapor–liquid equilibria in the nitrogen–n-pentane system
Dec 2006
Guadalupe Silva-Oliver
Gaudencio Eliosa-Jiménez
Fernando García-Sánchez
Juan Ramón Avendaño-Gómez
New experimental vapor–liquid equilibrium data of the N2–n-pentane system were measured over a wide temperature range from 344.3 to 447.9 K and pressures up to 35 MPa. A static-analytic apparatus with visual sapphire windows and pneumatic capillary samplers was used in the experimental measurements. Equilibrium phase compositions and vapor–liquid e...
Request full-text
Vapor–liquid equilibria of nitrogen–hydrocarbon systems using the PC-SAFT equation of state
Mar 2004
Gaudencio Eliosa-Jiménez
Guadalupe Silva-Oliver
Richart Vázquez-Román
Enhanced oil recovery by nitrogen injection is a tertiary oil recovery method that is actually used in certain Mexican fields. In order to describe or predict the process of nitrogen flooding by reservoir simulation, the phase behavior of nitrogen–oil systems has to be known. In this work, the perturbed-chain SAFT (PC-SAFT) equation of state was ap...
Request full-text
Vapor–liquid equilibria and critical points for the carbon dioxide +1-pentanol and carbon dioxide +2-pentanol systems at temperatures from 332 to 432 K
Jul 2002
G Silva-Oliver
Luis A. Galicia-Luna
Stanley Sandler
Vapor–liquid equilibria and critical points of the systems: carbon dioxide+1-pentanol at (333.08, 343.69, 374.93, 414.23 and 426.86 K) up to 18.6 MPa and carbon dioxide+2-pentanol at (332.10, 343.61, 374.15, 397.56, 422.28 and 431.78 K) up to 15.7 MPa are reported at compositions near the critical point. An apparatus capable of measurement up to 60...
Request full-text
Vapor–liquid equilibria for carbon dioxide + 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a) systems at temperatures from 329 to 354 K and pressures upto 7.37 MPa
Jun 2002
G. Silva-Oliver
Luis A. Galicia-Luna
Vapor–liquid equilibrium state of carbon dioxide (CO2) + 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a) mixture at 329.60, 339.10 and 354 K and pressures upto 7.369 MPa have been measured in the whole range of compositions. Monophasic PvT properties were also determined for R-134a at temperatures from 313.13 to 342.9 K upto 25 MPa with an uncertainty lower tha...
Request full-text
Vapor-liquid equilibria near critical point and critical points for the CO2+ 1-butanol and CO2+ 2-butanol systems at temperatures from 324 to 432 K
Jun 2001
Guadalupe Silva-Oliver
Luis A. Galicia-Luna
An apparatus based on the static-analytic method to perform fast determinations of vapor–liquid equilibria (VLE) and critical pressures for mixtures up to 60 MPa and 523 K has been used.Vapor–liquid equilibria near critical points and critical points of the following mixtures: carbon dioxide+1-butanol at (324.16, 333.58, 355.38, 392.72, and 426.95...
Request full-text
... In fact using N2 as a substitute for hydrocarbon gases for pressure maintenance and improved oil recovery presents several advantages such as plentiful, economical, etc. Depending on the injection rate and pressure at wells, the cost of N2 can be as low as a quarter to a half that of the cost for natural gas (Garcia Sanchez, F., J.R. Avendano Gomez, 2006). Consequently, a comprehensive understanding of the phase behavior of the N2 and the crude oil is essential for applications of N 2 in enhanced oil recovery; e.g., the equilibrium phase diagram of N2–crude oil systems can be used to establish whether a miscible or immiscible condition will occur (Garcia Sanchez, F., J.R. Avendano Gomez, 2007). Determination of vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) of binary systems is very important in many industrial fields such as oil recovery. ...
///////
Google® Better!
Jean Steinhardt served as Librarian, Aramco Services, Engineering Division, for 13 years. He now heads Jean Steinhardt Consulting LLC, producing the same high quality research that he performed for Aramco.
Follow Jean’s blog at: http://desulf.blogspot.com/ for continuing tips on effective online research
Email Jean at research@jeansteinhardtconsulting.com with questions on research, training, or anything else
Visit Jean’s Web site at http://www.jeansteinhardtconsulting.com/ to see examples of the services we can provide
Fortunately for those of us who are Spanish challenged, this article is in English.
However, much of the work by the listed authors is available only in Spanish.
///////
Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering
Available online 31 March 2020
Theoretical evaluation of dilution processes versus thermal effects induced on the transport of heavy oil
G.Silva-Oliver (a), E.Ramírez-Jiménez (a), F.Sánchez-Minero (a)(b), H.Valdés-Pastrana (a), F.Méndez (b) G.Ascanio (c), J.P.Aguayo(c), S.Sánchez(c)
(a) UCyEH, Departamento de Ingeniería Química Petrolera, ESIQIE, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Zacatenco, D.F. 07738, Mexico
(b) Departamento de Termofluidos, Facultad de Ingeniería, UNAM, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
(c) Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas y Tecnología, UNAM, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
Highlights
• The dilution mechanism is investigated as an option to avoid considerable flow reductions in the non-isothermal transport of heavy oils.
• The impact of the time-dependent environmental temperature on the flow hydrodynamics is analyzed.
• Results reveal that the environmental thermal effects can be neutralized by the dilution mechanism.
• By carrying out an appropriate dilution process, the transport of heavy oil in buried pipelines is possible although unfavorable environmental conditions occur.
• The use of dilution processes allows avoiding a wide range of power variation in the pumping system when heavy oils are transported in buried pipelines.
Abstract
In the present work, the dilution mechanism is investigated as an option to avoid considerable flow reductions in the non-isothermal transport of heavy oils (high-viscous fluids). In this case, we assume that environmental conditions can imply appreciable thermal effects in such flows; thus, to perform an appropriate analysis, the governing equations must be modeled considering the behavior of the dynamic viscosity as a function of the temperature and composition of the fluid. To evaluate the above, the non-isothermal transport of a heavy oil along buried pipelines is analyzed, it represents a good engineering example, given that, millions of crude oil barrels are transported daily using pipeline networks. In these systems, heat transfer processes and the flow hydrodynamics work in a coupled manner due to the thermal dependence of the fluid viscosity; in addition, the present formulation is extended to include the influence of the fluid composition as a part of the study. In summary, the main results in this work allow estimating how the dilution mechanism can mitigate all thermal effects induced by the environment, which are responsible for the changes in the volumetric flow rate when the non-isothermal condition is considered. Moreover, the theoretical formulation reveals that this type of engineering application represents a version of the Graetz-Nusselt problem; where, for values of , the thermal effects dominate the flow hydrodynamics and the dilution mechanism is inefficient, obtaining a relatively small improvement in the volumetric flow rate. Conversely, for values of , the dilution mechanism controls the flow hydrodynamics, resulting in an exponential increment in the volumetric flow rate. Clearly, for the case of, both the dilution mechanism and thermal effects dispute the control of the flow hydrodynamics. Thus, we can infer that by using together an adequate thermal insulation and a good handling of the dilution mechanism, heavy oils can be transported through conventional pipelines even under unfavorable environmental conditions.
source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0920410520303296
///////
The full article is available for purchase, in English, by going to the source link shown above.
TIP: Google Instituto Politécnico Nacional Silva-Oliver
Results include …
///////
Guadalupe Silva-Oliver's research works | Instituto Politécnico ...
www.researchgate.net › 72122769_Guadalupe_Silva-Oliver
Guadalupe Silva-Oliver's 10 research works with 236 citations and 906 reads, ... Silva-Oliver's research while affiliated with Instituto Politécnico Nacional and …
Guadalupe Silva-Oliver's research while affiliated with Instituto Politécnico Nacional and other places
Publications (10)
Vapor–liquid equilibrium data for the nitrogen+n-octane system from (344.5 to 543.5)K and at pressures up to 50MPa
Article
Aug 2009
Gaudencio Eliosa-Jiménez
Fernando García-Sánchez
Guadalupe Silva-Oliver
Ricardo Macías-Salinas
A static-analytical apparatus with visual sapphire windows and pneumatic capillary samplers has been used to obtain new vapor–liquid equilibrium data for the N2 + n-octane system over the temperature range from (344.5 to 543.5) K and at pressures up to 50 MPa. Equilibrium phase compositions and vapor–liquid equilibrium ratios are reported. The new...
Request full-text
Vapor−Liquid Equilibrium Data for the Nitrogen + n-Decane System from (344 to 563) K and at Pressures up to 50 MPa†
Article
May 2009
Fernando García-Sánchez
Gaudencio Eliosa-Jiménez
Guadalupe Silva-Oliver
Blanca E. García-Flores
A static-analytical apparatus with visual sapphire windows and pneumatic capillary samplers has been used to obtain new vapor−liquid equilibrium data for the N2 + C10H22 system over a wide temperature range from (344 to 563) K and at pressures up to 50 MPa. Equilibrium phase compositions and vapor−liquid equilibrium ratios are reported. The experim...
Request full-text
High-pressure vapor–liquid equilibria in the nitrogen–n-nonane system
Aug 2007
Guadalupe Silva-Oliver
Gaudencio Eliosa-Jiménez
Fernando García-Sánchez
Juan Ramón Avendaño-Gómez
New experimental vapor–liquid equilibrium data of the N2–n-nonane system were measured over a wide temperature range from 344.3 to 543.4 K and pressures up to 50 MPa. A static-analytical apparatus with visual sapphire windows and pneumatic capillary samplers was used in the experimental measurements. Equilibrium phase compositions and vapor–liquid...
Download full-text
High-pressure (vapor+liquid) equilibria in the (nitrogen+n-heptane) system
Jun 2007
Fernando García-Sánchez
Gaudencio Eliosa-Jiménez
Guadalupe Silva-Oliver
Armando Godínez-Silva
In this work, new (vapor + liquid) equilibrium data for the (N2 + n-heptane) system were experimentally measured over a wide temperature range from (313.6 to 523.7) K and pressures up to 50 MPa. A static-analytic apparatus with visual sapphire windows and pneumatic capillary samplers was used in the experimental measurements. Equilibrium phase comp...
Request full-text
High-Pressure Vapor−Liquid Equilibria in the Nitrogen + n -Hexane System
Mar 2007
Gaudencio Eliosa-Jiménez
Guadalupe Silva-Oliver
Fernando García-Sánchez
Antonio de Ita de la Torre
In this work, new vapor−liquid equilibrium data for the N2 + C6H14 system were experimentally measured over a wide temperature range from (344 to 488) K and pressures up to 50 MPa. A static−analytical apparatus with visual sapphire windows and pneumatic capillary samplers was used during the experimental measurements. Equilibrium phase compositions...
Request full-text
High-pressure vapor–liquid equilibria in the nitrogen–n-pentane system
Dec 2006
Guadalupe Silva-Oliver
Gaudencio Eliosa-Jiménez
Fernando García-Sánchez
Juan Ramón Avendaño-Gómez
New experimental vapor–liquid equilibrium data of the N2–n-pentane system were measured over a wide temperature range from 344.3 to 447.9 K and pressures up to 35 MPa. A static-analytic apparatus with visual sapphire windows and pneumatic capillary samplers was used in the experimental measurements. Equilibrium phase compositions and vapor–liquid e...
Request full-text
Vapor–liquid equilibria of nitrogen–hydrocarbon systems using the PC-SAFT equation of state
Mar 2004
Gaudencio Eliosa-Jiménez
Guadalupe Silva-Oliver
Richart Vázquez-Román
Enhanced oil recovery by nitrogen injection is a tertiary oil recovery method that is actually used in certain Mexican fields. In order to describe or predict the process of nitrogen flooding by reservoir simulation, the phase behavior of nitrogen–oil systems has to be known. In this work, the perturbed-chain SAFT (PC-SAFT) equation of state was ap...
Request full-text
Vapor–liquid equilibria and critical points for the carbon dioxide +1-pentanol and carbon dioxide +2-pentanol systems at temperatures from 332 to 432 K
Jul 2002
G Silva-Oliver
Luis A. Galicia-Luna
Stanley Sandler
Vapor–liquid equilibria and critical points of the systems: carbon dioxide+1-pentanol at (333.08, 343.69, 374.93, 414.23 and 426.86 K) up to 18.6 MPa and carbon dioxide+2-pentanol at (332.10, 343.61, 374.15, 397.56, 422.28 and 431.78 K) up to 15.7 MPa are reported at compositions near the critical point. An apparatus capable of measurement up to 60...
Request full-text
Vapor–liquid equilibria for carbon dioxide + 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a) systems at temperatures from 329 to 354 K and pressures upto 7.37 MPa
Jun 2002
G. Silva-Oliver
Luis A. Galicia-Luna
Vapor–liquid equilibrium state of carbon dioxide (CO2) + 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a) mixture at 329.60, 339.10 and 354 K and pressures upto 7.369 MPa have been measured in the whole range of compositions. Monophasic PvT properties were also determined for R-134a at temperatures from 313.13 to 342.9 K upto 25 MPa with an uncertainty lower tha...
Request full-text
Vapor-liquid equilibria near critical point and critical points for the CO2+ 1-butanol and CO2+ 2-butanol systems at temperatures from 324 to 432 K
Jun 2001
Guadalupe Silva-Oliver
Luis A. Galicia-Luna
An apparatus based on the static-analytic method to perform fast determinations of vapor–liquid equilibria (VLE) and critical pressures for mixtures up to 60 MPa and 523 K has been used.Vapor–liquid equilibria near critical points and critical points of the following mixtures: carbon dioxide+1-butanol at (324.16, 333.58, 355.38, 392.72, and 426.95...
Request full-text
... In fact using N2 as a substitute for hydrocarbon gases for pressure maintenance and improved oil recovery presents several advantages such as plentiful, economical, etc. Depending on the injection rate and pressure at wells, the cost of N2 can be as low as a quarter to a half that of the cost for natural gas (Garcia Sanchez, F., J.R. Avendano Gomez, 2006). Consequently, a comprehensive understanding of the phase behavior of the N2 and the crude oil is essential for applications of N 2 in enhanced oil recovery; e.g., the equilibrium phase diagram of N2–crude oil systems can be used to establish whether a miscible or immiscible condition will occur (Garcia Sanchez, F., J.R. Avendano Gomez, 2007). Determination of vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) of binary systems is very important in many industrial fields such as oil recovery. ...
///////
Google® Better!
Jean Steinhardt served as Librarian, Aramco Services, Engineering Division, for 13 years. He now heads Jean Steinhardt Consulting LLC, producing the same high quality research that he performed for Aramco.
Follow Jean’s blog at: http://desulf.blogspot.com/ for continuing tips on effective online research
Email Jean at research@jeansteinhardtconsulting.com with questions on research, training, or anything else
Visit Jean’s Web site at http://www.jeansteinhardtconsulting.com/ to see examples of the services we can provide
No comments:
Post a Comment