"I want to thank all the Canadians who came out today to wave to me - with all five fingers!" -- President George W. Bush (during his first visit to Ottawa Nov. 30, 2004)
I ran across this while visiting one of my bookmarked organization sites. I’ll let the conference Web speak for itself …
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Oil Sands and Heavy Oil Technologies Conference & Exhibition
Calgary TELUS Convention Centre, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
July 20-22, 2010
Oil Sands and Heavy Oil Technologies conference is focused on addressing key challenges unique to the industry and provides the ultimate forum for discussion.
The Oil Sands and Heavy Oil Technologies (OSHOT) Conference & Exhibition is the premier showcase for innovative technologies and solutions aimed at providing answers to the unique issues in the oil sands & heavy oil industry.
Oil Sands and Heavy Oil Technologies Conference & Exhibition provides the ultimate forum for networking with a powerful, influential audience.
source: http://www.oilsandstechnologies.com/index/conference.html
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Interestingly, a Google® search on “Oil Sands and Heavy Oil Technologies Conference & Exhibition” produced another Web with more detail the above. Here is a sample …
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PRELIMINARY CONFERENCE PROGRAM
WEDNESDAY, JULY 18, 2007
Bob Tippee – Editor, Oil & Gas Journal
Oil Sands and Heavy Oil Technologies Overview.
Tom Wise – Purvin & Gertz
Bob Fryklund - VP Industry Relations of IHSi
Oil Sands - Strategis for Delivering Tomorrow Energy Supply
THURSDAY, JULY 19, 2007
Bob Tippee – Editor, Oil & Gas Journal
Speakers will address issues affecting oil sands and heavy oil development from the perspectives of government, private companies, joint-government-industry research, and training.
Dr. Eddy Isaacs – Executive Director – Alberta Energy Research Institute (AERI)
Mr. Alan Fair – General Manager, Research of Syncrude
Dr. Mike Raymont – Partner of LACC
Dr. Sam Shaw – President and CEO of Northern Alberta Institute of Technology (NAIT)
SESSION 1
SUSTAINABILITY TRACK
10:30 a.m. – 12:00 noon STEAM GENERATION
Co-Chair: Derek Macdonald – ALSTOM Canada
Co-Chair: Robert St.Denis – Nebraska Boiler/NATCOM
CFB Technology: Economic, Clean and Efficient Steam and Power Generation for the Oil Sands Industry
Speaker & Co-author: Scott Darling – ALSTOM
Co-author: Iqbal F. Abdulally – ALSTOM
ALSTOM’s CFB technology provides the opportunity for clean, efficient steam generation for the oil sands industry.
Products for Meeting Large Steam Demands From The Ramp Up in Oil Sands Bitumen Production
Speaker & Co-author: M. Vasudevan – ERI/Nebraska Boiler Company
Co-author: Robert St. Denis – Nebraska Boiler Co./ERI/Natcom
Products for meeting large steam demands for oil sands bitumen production.
Multi-Pollutant Control Options for the Combustion of Bitumen-Based and Related Fuels
Speaker & Co-author: William DePriest – Sargent & Lundy Canada Company
Co-author – Thomas Longlais – Sargent & Lundy Canada Company
The paper discusses commercially available and proven emission control technologies for application in the combustion of bitumen-based and related fuels in the SAGD process.
OPTIMIZATION TRACK
Co-Chair: Frank Forte – Jacobs Canada
Co-Chair David Nakamura – Oil & Gas Journal
Shell Canada’s Oil Sands Expansion: Meeting the World’s Energy Challenge
Ramzi Fawaz – Shell Canada Energy
Ramzi Fawaz will discuss the key issues, challenges and opportunities associated with executing AOSP Expansion 1, the largest capital investment ($10-12.8 billion CDN) in Shell Canada’s history.
Managing Alberta's Construction Labor Supply Challenges
Speaker & Co-author: Stephen Kushner – Merit Contractors Association
Co-author: Bill Stewart – Merit Contractors Association
Issues, factors and trends respecting the ability of Alberta’s construction industry to meet unprecedented service demands will be explored.
Innovative EPCM in Safety
Speaker & Co-author: Brendan O’Flynn – Colt WorleyParsons
Co-authors: Cormac Ryan – Colt WorleyParsons
Terry Pandza – CoSyn Technology
Use of Lasergrammetry to maximize prefabrication and minimize field-work in the replacement of components of large plated assemblies.
UPGRADING TRACK
Co-Chair: Michael Freeman – M-I SWACO
Co-Chair: Keng Chung – Well Resources
The Upgrading Conundrum: At the Source or at the Market?
Speaker & Co-author: David G. Freyman – Barnes & Click
Co-authors: Paul Harmon and John Schmalz – R.W. Beck
This presentation will review the factors influencing whether to site upgrades proximate to the production source or within refineries close to refined products markets.
Challenges and Strategies for Heavy Oil Development
Speaker & Author: Xingyi Wang – CNPC International
This paper highlights some of the technology selection criteria for heavy oil development.
Upgrading Technology Selection
Speaker & Author: Scott Sayles – KBC Advanced Technologies
This paper discusses some of the concepts involved in determining investment locations for upgrading Canadian Heavy Crude or Tar Sands Oils.
source: http://pennwelldesign.com/email/ost0004/
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There’s lots more. Visit the Pennwell site (http://pennwelldesign.com/email/ost0004/) for full details.
Friday, April 30, 2010
Thursday, April 29, 2010
Organization Alert: Magnetic Resonance Lab
“Magnetism, as you recall from physics class, is a powerful force that causes certain items to be attracted to refrigerators.” -- Dave Barry (American Writer and Humorist, b.1947)
So many technologies, so little time … Magnetic resonance is one of the technologies being used to explore the desulfurization problem. Accordingly, Montana State University’s Magnetic Resonance Lab (http://www.coe.montana.edu/mrm/) is one of the organizations worth visiting from time to time. Here is some information from its Web …
Magnetic Resonance Lab, Montana State University
Directors:
Sarah Codd (scodd@coe.montana.edu)
Joseph Seymour (jseymour@coe.montana.edu)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Magnetic Resonance Lab is situated in the College of Engineering at Montana State University in the spectacular location of Bozeman in the heart of the Rocky Mountains of the USA.
Transport + Rheology + Simulations + MRI + NMR
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ceramics and Foams
These modern materials are invaluable to the alternative energy industry, food industry and medical industry. Our ability to increase the range of application of fuel-cells, or design next generation filtration systems for industry and medicine, depends on our ability to improve our understanding of transport in the complex structures of designed porous media such as new ceramics and foams.
Porous Media
The underlying physics of transport in porous media is relevant to the aforementioned ceramics and foams as well as a plethora of other applications like industrial packed bed chemical reactors, transport in gels and tissues for drug delivery, storage of supercritical CO2 in natural formations and in sub-surface transport of environmental contaminants in the earth’s subsurface. Many porous media of interest have structures that generate complex dynamics which can be modeled by fractal and percolation theory concepts. MR methods provide unique data for scale dependent transport in porous media since most are opaque and not amenable to analysis by other methods. Modeling the impact on transport dynamics of biological and chemical reactions in porous media presents a significant challenge for design of environmental remediation strategies and new materials.
///////
Sarah Codd is co-director of the Magnetic Resonance Lab and an Associate Professor in the Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering at Montana State University. Her research focuses on technique development, spatially resolved studies of gas in ceramics, flow and diffusion studies in porous media, and investigation of fluid dynamics in hydrogels, biofilms, cellular suspensions and polymer electrolyte membranes.
source: http://www.coe.montana.edu/mrm/MRMCodd.htm
///////
Joe Seymour is co-director of the Magnetic Resonance Lab and an Associate Professor in the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering at Montana State University. His primary area of research interest is in transport imaging using MRM. Prior and future research includes laboratory and field studies of transport phenomena using MRM's ability to measure both coherent motion, or velocity, and random motion, or diffusion. During a postdoctoral stay in New Zealand with Prof. Paul Callaghan research was conducted in Antarctica in 1995 and 1997 to study the structure of sea ice using NMR in the Earth's magnetic field. The opportunity to combine science, outdoor adventure and the history of Antarctic exploration, was a unique and rewarding experience. Here is a photo (lower right) taken at Cape Evans on McMurdo Sound by the hut used in Robert Falcon Scott's ill fated British Antarctic Expedition of 1910-1913, the Terra Nova Expedition, during which Scott and his companions died on their return from the South Pole.
source: http://www.coe.montana.edu/mrm/MRMSeymour.htm
///////
So many technologies, so little time … Magnetic resonance is one of the technologies being used to explore the desulfurization problem. Accordingly, Montana State University’s Magnetic Resonance Lab (http://www.coe.montana.edu/mrm/) is one of the organizations worth visiting from time to time. Here is some information from its Web …
Magnetic Resonance Lab, Montana State University
Directors:
Sarah Codd (scodd@coe.montana.edu)
Joseph Seymour (jseymour@coe.montana.edu)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Magnetic Resonance Lab is situated in the College of Engineering at Montana State University in the spectacular location of Bozeman in the heart of the Rocky Mountains of the USA.
Transport + Rheology + Simulations + MRI + NMR
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ceramics and Foams
These modern materials are invaluable to the alternative energy industry, food industry and medical industry. Our ability to increase the range of application of fuel-cells, or design next generation filtration systems for industry and medicine, depends on our ability to improve our understanding of transport in the complex structures of designed porous media such as new ceramics and foams.
Porous Media
The underlying physics of transport in porous media is relevant to the aforementioned ceramics and foams as well as a plethora of other applications like industrial packed bed chemical reactors, transport in gels and tissues for drug delivery, storage of supercritical CO2 in natural formations and in sub-surface transport of environmental contaminants in the earth’s subsurface. Many porous media of interest have structures that generate complex dynamics which can be modeled by fractal and percolation theory concepts. MR methods provide unique data for scale dependent transport in porous media since most are opaque and not amenable to analysis by other methods. Modeling the impact on transport dynamics of biological and chemical reactions in porous media presents a significant challenge for design of environmental remediation strategies and new materials.
///////
Sarah Codd is co-director of the Magnetic Resonance Lab and an Associate Professor in the Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering at Montana State University. Her research focuses on technique development, spatially resolved studies of gas in ceramics, flow and diffusion studies in porous media, and investigation of fluid dynamics in hydrogels, biofilms, cellular suspensions and polymer electrolyte membranes.
source: http://www.coe.montana.edu/mrm/MRMCodd.htm
///////
Joe Seymour is co-director of the Magnetic Resonance Lab and an Associate Professor in the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering at Montana State University. His primary area of research interest is in transport imaging using MRM. Prior and future research includes laboratory and field studies of transport phenomena using MRM's ability to measure both coherent motion, or velocity, and random motion, or diffusion. During a postdoctoral stay in New Zealand with Prof. Paul Callaghan research was conducted in Antarctica in 1995 and 1997 to study the structure of sea ice using NMR in the Earth's magnetic field. The opportunity to combine science, outdoor adventure and the history of Antarctic exploration, was a unique and rewarding experience. Here is a photo (lower right) taken at Cape Evans on McMurdo Sound by the hut used in Robert Falcon Scott's ill fated British Antarctic Expedition of 1910-1913, the Terra Nova Expedition, during which Scott and his companions died on their return from the South Pole.
source: http://www.coe.montana.edu/mrm/MRMSeymour.htm
///////
Wednesday, April 28, 2010
If It’s Deli.cio.us … It’s Worth A Second Taste
“New Orleans food is as delicious as the less criminal forms of sin.” -- Mark Twain (Samuel Langhorne Clemens) 1884
An earlier post to the Desulfurization Blog highlighted the potential of social bookmarking sites like Deli.cio.us to enhance your effectiveness as a professional researcher. Here are three examples from the bookmarks I have posted to my Deli.cio.us account. You can view all my bookmarks by visiting: http://delicious.com/jeansteinhardt
Social bookmarking has much to recommend it, but the two features that make them especially useful to me are the description field, and the tags field. The descriptions are copied from each bookmarked site and pasted into the description field. The tags are made up on the fly … they enable me to group bookmarks together in multiple ways.
///////
William J. Thomson-Chemical Engineering Department -Washington State University William J. Thomson, Ph.D.
Professor of Chemical Engineering
Department of Chemical Engineering
Chemical Engineering Department
Washington State University
thomson@che.wsu.edu
CATALYTIC FUEL REFORMING for FUEL CELL APPLICATIONS
Catalysts are being developed to convert a wide variety of potential fuels into hydrogen, for use in low temperature, Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells. Some of the fuels which have been utilized include ammonia, methanol, propane, as well as gasoline and diesel model hydrocarbons. Current research emphasis is on the stability of reforming catalysts and the development of catalysts and process conditions to improve sulfur tolerance of these catalysts. Funding has been provided by the US Army as well as the National Science Foundation. In addition to investigations of both steam and dry reforming of hydrocarbons, some of the work has also concentrated on CO removal via the water gas shift reaction and preferential oxidation of CO.
Tags: Desulfurization; Experts; Catalysis
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Nanostructured Materials Research Laboratory-MIT PEOPLE2 Located in the Department of Chemical Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the Nanostructured Materials Research Laboratory (NMRL) focuses on the processing of nanostructured materials which have unique microstructure and exceptional size-dependent properties. We seek to exploit the technological potential of this class of materials through our ability to tailor materials for novel catalytic, sensors, membranes, structural, electric, magnetic, and biomaterials applications. By tying together chemical engineering principles, surface chemistry and materials science, we seek to understand the process chemistry and structural physics of nanocrystalline, nanoporous and microemulsion systems
Tags: Desulfurization; Catalysis; Organizations; Nano
///////
CAMD-Center for Atomic Scale Materials Design PEOPLE3 Seach by Googling "Center for Atomic-scale Materials Design" +desulfurization Center for Atomic-scale Materials Design aims at developing electronic structure theory to understand the properties of materials and use the insight to design new functional nanostructures. Our research areas include:
Catalysis Informatics
Electrochemistry
Molecular Electronics
Metal Alloys
Metallic Glasses
Tags: Desulfurization; Organizations; Nano
///////
An earlier post to the Desulfurization Blog highlighted the potential of social bookmarking sites like Deli.cio.us to enhance your effectiveness as a professional researcher. Here are three examples from the bookmarks I have posted to my Deli.cio.us account. You can view all my bookmarks by visiting: http://delicious.com/jeansteinhardt
Social bookmarking has much to recommend it, but the two features that make them especially useful to me are the description field, and the tags field. The descriptions are copied from each bookmarked site and pasted into the description field. The tags are made up on the fly … they enable me to group bookmarks together in multiple ways.
///////
William J. Thomson-Chemical Engineering Department -Washington State University William J. Thomson, Ph.D.
Professor of Chemical Engineering
Department of Chemical Engineering
Chemical Engineering Department
Washington State University
thomson@che.wsu.edu
CATALYTIC FUEL REFORMING for FUEL CELL APPLICATIONS
Catalysts are being developed to convert a wide variety of potential fuels into hydrogen, for use in low temperature, Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells. Some of the fuels which have been utilized include ammonia, methanol, propane, as well as gasoline and diesel model hydrocarbons. Current research emphasis is on the stability of reforming catalysts and the development of catalysts and process conditions to improve sulfur tolerance of these catalysts. Funding has been provided by the US Army as well as the National Science Foundation. In addition to investigations of both steam and dry reforming of hydrocarbons, some of the work has also concentrated on CO removal via the water gas shift reaction and preferential oxidation of CO.
Tags: Desulfurization; Experts; Catalysis
///////
Nanostructured Materials Research Laboratory-MIT PEOPLE2 Located in the Department of Chemical Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the Nanostructured Materials Research Laboratory (NMRL) focuses on the processing of nanostructured materials which have unique microstructure and exceptional size-dependent properties. We seek to exploit the technological potential of this class of materials through our ability to tailor materials for novel catalytic, sensors, membranes, structural, electric, magnetic, and biomaterials applications. By tying together chemical engineering principles, surface chemistry and materials science, we seek to understand the process chemistry and structural physics of nanocrystalline, nanoporous and microemulsion systems
Tags: Desulfurization; Catalysis; Organizations; Nano
///////
CAMD-Center for Atomic Scale Materials Design PEOPLE3 Seach by Googling "Center for Atomic-scale Materials Design" +desulfurization Center for Atomic-scale Materials Design aims at developing electronic structure theory to understand the properties of materials and use the insight to design new functional nanostructures. Our research areas include:
Catalysis Informatics
Electrochemistry
Molecular Electronics
Metal Alloys
Metallic Glasses
Tags: Desulfurization; Organizations; Nano
///////
Tuesday, April 27, 2010
Magic number: 2010
“One man's "magic" is another man's engineering. "Supernatural" is a null word.” -- Robert A. Heinlein (American science-fiction Writer, 1907-1988)
Keeping up with new developments in your field is easier when you limit periodic key word searches to the current year. That makes today’s magic number 2010.
For example, here are selected results from three key word searches on ScienceDirect, one of my favorite sources. Incidentally, ScienceDirect, like many of the other online databases, has an advanced search feature that facilitates precise searches. Note the search string used for each cite …
///////
ScienceDirect search string:
pub-date > 2009 and "fuel cell energy" AND sulfur
Applied Catalysis A: General, Volume 374, Issues 1-2, 1 February 2010, Pages 1-10
Atmospheric hydrodesulfurization of diesel fuel using Pt/Al2O3 catalysts prepared by supercritical deposition for fuel cell applications
Shaker Hajia, , Ying Zhangb, and Can Erkeyc, ,
a Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bahrain, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain, Bahrain
b Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy,, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
c Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, 34450 Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
Abstract
Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of low-sulfur model and commercial diesel fuel (500 ppmw S) using Pt/Al2O3 catalysts prepared by supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) deposition method is investigated at atmospheric pressure and in temperature range of 290–350 °C. The reactivity of the investigated organosulfur compounds followed the known trend, that is: BT > 2-MDBT > DBT 4-MDBT > 4,6-DMDBT, despite the nonconventional operating conditions and catalyst. The HDS of dibenzothiophenes was found to proceed only via the direct desulfurization route (CS bond scission) under the studied conditions whereas HDS at high H2 pressure proceeds via both direct desulfurization and hydrogenation routes. This limitation had several consequences. Under atmospheric pressure, the HDS reaction exhibited low reactivity particularly towards the stericly hindered substituted dibenzothiophenes. HDS of commercial diesel at atmospheric pressure using catalyst prepared by supercritical fluid deposition technique was found to be feasible, however, the catalyst had to have high metal loading and the reactor had to be operated under high H2/fuel ratio with low hourly space velocity.
///////
ScienceDirect search string:
pub-date > 2009 and "Cyclic Steam Stimulation"
Fuel, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 18 February 2010
Modelling and parameter estimation of ultra-dispersed in situ catalytic upgrading experiments in a batch reactor
Hassan Hassanzadeha and Jalal Abedi, a,
a Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
Abstract
In situ catalytic upgrading of heavy oil and bitumen has been suggested and tested in the laboratory for utilization of heavy oil resources. Experimental observations have demonstrated potential, so this innovative recovery technique may have a role in the development of large resources of heavy oil and bitumen. Accurate analytical and numerical modelling is necessary in order to correctly interpret experimental measurements of the in situ upgrading, leading to a better understanding and design of field-scale processes. In this paper, we present modelling and parameter estimation for ultra-dispersed catalytic upgrading experiments conducted in a batch reactor. The Monte Carlo simulation technique was used to estimate the most appropriate reaction parameters. The combination of an analytical batch reactor model and the Monte Carlo simulation technique allows for the fast generation of a large number of upgrading experiment realizations. Comparisons of analytical modelling results with the experimental measurements of the upgrading experiments at different temperatures are in close agreement. Results reveal that ultra-dispersed catalytic upgrading in a batch reactor results in a fairly high residue conversion and can potentially increase the API gravity of the produced oil.
Keywords: In situ upgrading; Ultra-dispersed catalyst; Bitumen; Heavy oil; Parameter estimation
///////
ScienceDirect search string:
pub-date > 2009 and "Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage"
Fluid Phase Equilibria, Volume 291, Issue 2, 15 May 2010, Pages 103-110
Characterization of asphaltenes precipitated with three light alkanes under different experimental conditions
Peng Luoa, Xiaoqi Wangb and Yongan Gub, ,
a Saskatchewan Research Council, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 7J7, Canada
b Petroleum Technology Research Centre (PTRC), Petroleum Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
Abstract
Asphaltene precipitation plays an important role in both oil production and refining processes. In this paper, asphaltenes are precipitated from a heavy oil sample under different experimental conditions by using three different light alkanes, i.e., propane, n-pentane, and n-heptane. A variety of analytical techniques are applied to characterize the precipitated asphaltenes and deasphalted heavy oil (i.e., maltenes), such as the density and viscosity measurements, vapour-pressure osmometry, freezing-point osmometry, scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurement, and simulated distillation for compositional analysis. It is found that the yields and properties of the precipitated asphaltenes and remaining maltenes strongly depend on the specific precipitant tested and the liquid precipitant-to-oil volume ratio used. The asphaltene yield decreases as the carbon number of an alkane increases, while it increases monotonically and finally reaches a plateau if the liquid precipitant-to-oil volume ratio increases up to 20–40 for n-pentane and n-heptane, respectively. As a result, n-heptane-precipitated asphaltenes (C7-asphaltenes) have the highest molecular weight and aromaticity among the three kinds of precipitated asphaltenes. C7-asphaltenes are bright and black particles, whereas n-pentane-precipitated asphaltenes (C5-asphaltenes) are dull and brown powders. Propane-precipitated asphaltenes (C3-asphaltenes) together with some amount of co-precipitated resins are found to be highly viscous and semi-solid like immediately after the flashed-off process but become more and more liquid-like afterward. Compositional analysis results of the original heavy crude oil and three different maltenes indicate that the carbon numbers of most precipitated asphaltenes are higher than C50.
Keywords: Asphaltenes; Asphaltene precipitation; In situ deasphalting; Solvent-based heavy oil recovery
///////
Here’s another tip …
Remember to harvest potential experts and research organizations. From the three articles cited above, for example, you could harvest five (5) emails …
haji@eng.uob.bh
zhzhying@ustc.edu.cn
cerkey@ku.edu.tr
jabedi@uca;lgary.ca
peter.gu@Uregina.ca
Remember to harvest Jean Steinhardt’s email at: research@JeanSteinhardtConsulting.com
Keeping up with new developments in your field is easier when you limit periodic key word searches to the current year. That makes today’s magic number 2010.
For example, here are selected results from three key word searches on ScienceDirect, one of my favorite sources. Incidentally, ScienceDirect, like many of the other online databases, has an advanced search feature that facilitates precise searches. Note the search string used for each cite …
///////
ScienceDirect search string:
pub-date > 2009 and "fuel cell energy" AND sulfur
Applied Catalysis A: General, Volume 374, Issues 1-2, 1 February 2010, Pages 1-10
Atmospheric hydrodesulfurization of diesel fuel using Pt/Al2O3 catalysts prepared by supercritical deposition for fuel cell applications
Shaker Hajia, , Ying Zhangb, and Can Erkeyc, ,
a Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bahrain, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain, Bahrain
b Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy,, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
c Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, 34450 Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
Abstract
Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of low-sulfur model and commercial diesel fuel (500 ppmw S) using Pt/Al2O3 catalysts prepared by supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) deposition method is investigated at atmospheric pressure and in temperature range of 290–350 °C. The reactivity of the investigated organosulfur compounds followed the known trend, that is: BT > 2-MDBT > DBT 4-MDBT > 4,6-DMDBT, despite the nonconventional operating conditions and catalyst. The HDS of dibenzothiophenes was found to proceed only via the direct desulfurization route (CS bond scission) under the studied conditions whereas HDS at high H2 pressure proceeds via both direct desulfurization and hydrogenation routes. This limitation had several consequences. Under atmospheric pressure, the HDS reaction exhibited low reactivity particularly towards the stericly hindered substituted dibenzothiophenes. HDS of commercial diesel at atmospheric pressure using catalyst prepared by supercritical fluid deposition technique was found to be feasible, however, the catalyst had to have high metal loading and the reactor had to be operated under high H2/fuel ratio with low hourly space velocity.
///////
ScienceDirect search string:
pub-date > 2009 and "Cyclic Steam Stimulation"
Fuel, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 18 February 2010
Modelling and parameter estimation of ultra-dispersed in situ catalytic upgrading experiments in a batch reactor
Hassan Hassanzadeha and Jalal Abedi, a,
a Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
Abstract
In situ catalytic upgrading of heavy oil and bitumen has been suggested and tested in the laboratory for utilization of heavy oil resources. Experimental observations have demonstrated potential, so this innovative recovery technique may have a role in the development of large resources of heavy oil and bitumen. Accurate analytical and numerical modelling is necessary in order to correctly interpret experimental measurements of the in situ upgrading, leading to a better understanding and design of field-scale processes. In this paper, we present modelling and parameter estimation for ultra-dispersed catalytic upgrading experiments conducted in a batch reactor. The Monte Carlo simulation technique was used to estimate the most appropriate reaction parameters. The combination of an analytical batch reactor model and the Monte Carlo simulation technique allows for the fast generation of a large number of upgrading experiment realizations. Comparisons of analytical modelling results with the experimental measurements of the upgrading experiments at different temperatures are in close agreement. Results reveal that ultra-dispersed catalytic upgrading in a batch reactor results in a fairly high residue conversion and can potentially increase the API gravity of the produced oil.
Keywords: In situ upgrading; Ultra-dispersed catalyst; Bitumen; Heavy oil; Parameter estimation
///////
ScienceDirect search string:
pub-date > 2009 and "Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage"
Fluid Phase Equilibria, Volume 291, Issue 2, 15 May 2010, Pages 103-110
Characterization of asphaltenes precipitated with three light alkanes under different experimental conditions
Peng Luoa, Xiaoqi Wangb and Yongan Gub, ,
a Saskatchewan Research Council, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 7J7, Canada
b Petroleum Technology Research Centre (PTRC), Petroleum Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
Abstract
Asphaltene precipitation plays an important role in both oil production and refining processes. In this paper, asphaltenes are precipitated from a heavy oil sample under different experimental conditions by using three different light alkanes, i.e., propane, n-pentane, and n-heptane. A variety of analytical techniques are applied to characterize the precipitated asphaltenes and deasphalted heavy oil (i.e., maltenes), such as the density and viscosity measurements, vapour-pressure osmometry, freezing-point osmometry, scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurement, and simulated distillation for compositional analysis. It is found that the yields and properties of the precipitated asphaltenes and remaining maltenes strongly depend on the specific precipitant tested and the liquid precipitant-to-oil volume ratio used. The asphaltene yield decreases as the carbon number of an alkane increases, while it increases monotonically and finally reaches a plateau if the liquid precipitant-to-oil volume ratio increases up to 20–40 for n-pentane and n-heptane, respectively. As a result, n-heptane-precipitated asphaltenes (C7-asphaltenes) have the highest molecular weight and aromaticity among the three kinds of precipitated asphaltenes. C7-asphaltenes are bright and black particles, whereas n-pentane-precipitated asphaltenes (C5-asphaltenes) are dull and brown powders. Propane-precipitated asphaltenes (C3-asphaltenes) together with some amount of co-precipitated resins are found to be highly viscous and semi-solid like immediately after the flashed-off process but become more and more liquid-like afterward. Compositional analysis results of the original heavy crude oil and three different maltenes indicate that the carbon numbers of most precipitated asphaltenes are higher than C50.
Keywords: Asphaltenes; Asphaltene precipitation; In situ deasphalting; Solvent-based heavy oil recovery
///////
Here’s another tip …
Remember to harvest potential experts and research organizations. From the three articles cited above, for example, you could harvest five (5) emails …
haji@eng.uob.bh
zhzhying@ustc.edu.cn
cerkey@ku.edu.tr
jabedi@uca;lgary.ca
peter.gu@Uregina.ca
Remember to harvest Jean Steinhardt’s email at: research@JeanSteinhardtConsulting.com
Monday, April 26, 2010
Keyword Alert: "Sulfur breakthrough"
“The key to wisdom is knowing all the right questions.” John A. Simone, Sr.
“Great art presupposes the alert mind of the educated listener” -- Arnold Schoenberg (1874 – 1951) Austrian and later American composer
If you follow the Desulfurization Blog, you know that one of my key search strategies is harvesting and using strategic key words. Today’s desulfurization key word alert is …
"Sulfur breakthrough"
A variation on the key word is …
"breakthrough point" sulfur
Using either or both of the above to search Google® , ScienceDirect, and your other favorite sources, will produce a list similar to the articles cited below …
///////
Reactive adsorption of sulfur compounds in diesel on nickel ...by JG Park - 2008 -
... 77 K using a Micromeritics (ASAP 2010) surface area measurement apparatus. .... 5 shows the dependence of sulfur breakthrough on the type of mesoporous ...
linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0926337307004663
///////
Desulfurization of high-sulfur jet fuel by mesoporous π ...by H Chen - 2009
... by physical adsorption of N2 at −196 °C using Micromeritics ASAP 2010. ..... 7 show the sulfur breakthrough curves for the light fraction of JP-5 (841 ...
linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0009250909005818
///////
Catalysis Reviews Precious Metal Catalysts Supported on Ceramic ...R. J. Farrauto et al. 142. Downloaded At: 11:48 28 January 2010 ...... traces of sulfur breakthrough. 3.6. High Pressure Data for Pt-Re and Pt-containing ...
pdfserve.informaworld.com/878570__773231457.pdf
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NRC-CISTI: DiscoverLow temperature H2S dry-desulfurization with zinc oxide Garces, Hector F. Galindo, Hugo M. Garces, Luis J. Hunt, Jennifer Morey, Aimee Suib, Steven L.Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, ISSN: 13871811, Vol: 127, Issue: 3, Date: February, 2010, Pages: 190-197 Create journal alertKeywords: Zinc oxide adsorbent; H2S; Deactivation model; Sulfur breakthrough; Dry-desulfurizationAbstract: A commercially available zinc oxide with a bimodal micro- and mesopore size distribution was investigated as a desulfurizing sorbent in a fixed-bed reactor at low temperatures from 60 to 400°C. Fresh and sulfided materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), BET specific surface area, pore volume, SEM/EDX, TGA/DSC and in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD). The sorbent舗s sorption capacity at breakthrough increased with the sulfidation temperature reaching 87% of the theoretical value for desulfurization at 400°C. A deactivation model that considers the activity of the solid reactant was used to fit the experimental data. Good agreement between the experimental breakthrough curves and the model predictions was obtained.
source: http://discover-decouvrir.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/dcvr/ctrl?action=shwart&aix=0&aid=12989823
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Breakthrough Characteristics of Reformate Desulfurization Using ZnO Sorbents for Logistic Fuel Cell Power Systems
AbstractFull Text HTMLHi-Res PDF[298 KB]PDF w/ Links[250 KB]Hongyun Yang†, Ryan Sothen, Donald R. Cahela and Bruce J. Tatarchuk*
Center for Microfibrous Materials Manufacturing, Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849
Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2008, 47 (24), pp 10064–10070
DOI: 10.1021/ie8008617
Publication Date (Web): November 21, 2008
Copyright © 2008 American Chemical Society
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: (334) 844-2023. Fax: (334) 844-2065. E-mail: tatarbj@auburn.edu., † Current address: IntraMicron Inc., 368 Industry Drive, Auburn, AL 36832.
AbstractSulfur breakthrough behaviors during reformate desulfurization were investigated using a novel ZnO-based sorbent with minimized mass transfer resistance. The presence of CO, CO2, or water affected the breakthrough characteristics of H2S and carbonyl sulfide (COS). CO and CO2 did not significantly affect the reaction between H2S and ZnO, but they reacted with H2S to form COS, which cannot be efficiently removed by ZnO. The mechanisms of COS formation via two different pathways were also investigated. CO reacted with H2S to form COS homogeneously; CO2 reacted with H2S heterogeneously on the sulfide surface. COS formation by CO and CO2 was suppressed by H2 and water. Water also severely hindered the reaction between ZnO and H2S and significantly decreased H2S breakthrough time. At low water concentrations, sulfur breakthrough was determined by the homogeneous COS formation; at high water concentrations, it was controlled by H2S breakthrough. Capacity loss due to COS formation and adsorption of water was also observed. Novel sorbent and process designs are required to improve the desulfurization performance.
source: http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie8008617
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Deep Desulfurization of Model Gasoline by Adsorption on Mesoporous CeMCM-41
Authors: T. Ke a;H. Xin a
Affiliation: a School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Institute of Technology, Jinzhou, China
DOI: 10.1080/10916460903070611
Published in: Petroleum Science and Technology, Volume 28, Issue 6 April 2010 , pages 573 - 581
Abstract
Cerium atoms have been introduced into the framework of MCM-41 by a hydrothermal synthesis method with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTMABr) as template, sodium silicate as silica source, and cerium chloride as cerium source. Desulfurization of various model fuels containing about 500 μg/g sulfur were studied over the synthesized CeMCM-41 with a liquid hourly space velocity of 7.5 hr-1 at ambient conditions. The sulfur adsorption capacity was 10.0, 11.8, 14.0, and 15.4 mg(S)/g adsorbent for thiophene, dibenzothiophene (DBT), 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT), and tetrahydrothiophene (THT), respectively. The charges on S atom in thiophene, DBT, 4,6-DMDBT, and THT, calculated by using density functional theory (DFT), are -0.159, -0.211, -0.214, and -0.298, respectively, implying that the S-M bond between the adsorption sites and thiophene is much weaker than that between the adsorption sites and DBT, 4,6-DMDBT, or THT.
Keywords: adsorption desulfurization; CeMCM-41; DFT; model fuels
source: http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~content=a919843852&db=all
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New Sorbents for Desulfurization of Diesel Fuels via π-Complexation
Arturo J. Herna´ ndez-Maldonado and Ralph T. Yang
Dept. of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
DOI 10.1002/aic.10074 Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com).
source: deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/34251/1/10074_ftp.pdf
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Desulfurization of high-sulfur jet fuel by mesoporous π-complexation adsorbents
Chemical Engineering Science, Volume 64, Issue 24, 16 December 2009, Pages 5240-5246
Hao Chen, Yuhe Wang, Frances H. Yang, Ralph T. Yang
Source: ScienceDirect
Low temperature H2S dry-desulfurization with zinc oxide
Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, Volume 127, Issue 3, February 2010, Pages 190-197
Hector F. Garces, Hugo M. Galindo, Luis J. Garces, Jennifer Hunt, Aimee Morey, Steven L. Suib
Source: ScienceDirect
Effect of hydrogen sulfide on the direct internal reforming of methane in solid oxide fuel cells
Applied Catalysis A: General, Volume 354, Issues 1-2, 15 February 2009, Pages 1-7
Tyler R. Smith, Anthony Wood, Viola I. Birss
Source: ScienceDirect
Effect of thermal oxidation of activated carbon surface on its adsorption towards dibenzothiophene
Chemical Engineering Journal, Volume 148, Issues 2-3, 15 May 2009, Pages 242-247
Moxin Yu, Zhong Li, Qiaona Ji, Shuwen Wang, Dagen Su, Y.S. Lin
Source: ScienceDirect
Direct synthesis of Cu–SBA-16 by internal pH-modification method and its performance for adsorption of dibenzothiophene
Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, Volume 130, Issues 1-3, May 2010, Pages 248-254
Asma Tufail Shah, Baoshan Li, Zaki Elgin Ali Abdalla
Source: ScienceDirect
Nature and spatial distribution of sulfur species in a sulfated barium-based commercial lean NOx trap catalyst
Catalysis Today, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 18 February 2010
Jae-Soon Choi, William P. Partridge, Michael J. Lance, Larry R. Walker, Josh A. Pihl, Todd J. Toops, Charles E.A. Finney, C. Stuart Daw
Source: ScienceDirect
Liquid phase desulfurization of jet fuel by a combined pervaporation and adsorption process
Fuel Processing Technology, Volume 90, Issue 3, March 2009, Pages 458-464
Y. Wang, J. Latz, R. Dahl, J. Pasel, R. Peters
Source: ScienceDirect
Mesoporous silica as selective sorbents for removal of sulfones from oxidized diesel fuel
Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, Volume 124, Issues 1-3, August-September 2009, Pages 94-99
A. Nanoti, S. Dasgupta, A.N. Goswami, B.R. Nautiyal, T.V. Rao, B. Sain, Y.K. Sharma, S.M. Nanoti, M.O. Garg, P. Gupta
Source: ScienceDirect
Deep desulfurization of model gasoline by selective adsorption on Ag+/Al-MSU-S
Catalysis Today, Volume 149, Issues 1-2, 15 January 2010, Pages 138-142
Chunmei Meng, Yunming Fang, Lijun Jin, Haoquan Hu
Source: ScienceDirect
Influence of thiophene on the isooctane reforming activity of Ni-based catalysts
Journal of Catalysis, Volume 271, Issue 1, 12 April 2010, Pages 140-152
Joseph M. Mayne, Andrew R. Tadd, Kevin A. Dahlberg, Johannes W. Schwank
Source: ScienceDirect
“Great art presupposes the alert mind of the educated listener” -- Arnold Schoenberg (1874 – 1951) Austrian and later American composer
If you follow the Desulfurization Blog, you know that one of my key search strategies is harvesting and using strategic key words. Today’s desulfurization key word alert is …
"Sulfur breakthrough"
A variation on the key word is …
"breakthrough point" sulfur
Using either or both of the above to search Google® , ScienceDirect, and your other favorite sources, will produce a list similar to the articles cited below …
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Reactive adsorption of sulfur compounds in diesel on nickel ...by JG Park - 2008 -
... 77 K using a Micromeritics (ASAP 2010) surface area measurement apparatus. .... 5 shows the dependence of sulfur breakthrough on the type of mesoporous ...
linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0926337307004663
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Desulfurization of high-sulfur jet fuel by mesoporous π ...by H Chen - 2009
... by physical adsorption of N2 at −196 °C using Micromeritics ASAP 2010. ..... 7 show the sulfur breakthrough curves for the light fraction of JP-5 (841 ...
linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0009250909005818
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Catalysis Reviews Precious Metal Catalysts Supported on Ceramic ...R. J. Farrauto et al. 142. Downloaded At: 11:48 28 January 2010 ...... traces of sulfur breakthrough. 3.6. High Pressure Data for Pt-Re and Pt-containing ...
pdfserve.informaworld.com/878570__773231457.pdf
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NRC-CISTI: DiscoverLow temperature H2S dry-desulfurization with zinc oxide Garces, Hector F. Galindo, Hugo M. Garces, Luis J. Hunt, Jennifer Morey, Aimee Suib, Steven L.Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, ISSN: 13871811, Vol: 127, Issue: 3, Date: February, 2010, Pages: 190-197 Create journal alertKeywords: Zinc oxide adsorbent; H2S; Deactivation model; Sulfur breakthrough; Dry-desulfurizationAbstract: A commercially available zinc oxide with a bimodal micro- and mesopore size distribution was investigated as a desulfurizing sorbent in a fixed-bed reactor at low temperatures from 60 to 400°C. Fresh and sulfided materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), BET specific surface area, pore volume, SEM/EDX, TGA/DSC and in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD). The sorbent舗s sorption capacity at breakthrough increased with the sulfidation temperature reaching 87% of the theoretical value for desulfurization at 400°C. A deactivation model that considers the activity of the solid reactant was used to fit the experimental data. Good agreement between the experimental breakthrough curves and the model predictions was obtained.
source: http://discover-decouvrir.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/dcvr/ctrl?action=shwart&aix=0&aid=12989823
///////
Breakthrough Characteristics of Reformate Desulfurization Using ZnO Sorbents for Logistic Fuel Cell Power Systems
AbstractFull Text HTMLHi-Res PDF[298 KB]PDF w/ Links[250 KB]Hongyun Yang†, Ryan Sothen, Donald R. Cahela and Bruce J. Tatarchuk*
Center for Microfibrous Materials Manufacturing, Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849
Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2008, 47 (24), pp 10064–10070
DOI: 10.1021/ie8008617
Publication Date (Web): November 21, 2008
Copyright © 2008 American Chemical Society
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: (334) 844-2023. Fax: (334) 844-2065. E-mail: tatarbj@auburn.edu., † Current address: IntraMicron Inc., 368 Industry Drive, Auburn, AL 36832.
AbstractSulfur breakthrough behaviors during reformate desulfurization were investigated using a novel ZnO-based sorbent with minimized mass transfer resistance. The presence of CO, CO2, or water affected the breakthrough characteristics of H2S and carbonyl sulfide (COS). CO and CO2 did not significantly affect the reaction between H2S and ZnO, but they reacted with H2S to form COS, which cannot be efficiently removed by ZnO. The mechanisms of COS formation via two different pathways were also investigated. CO reacted with H2S to form COS homogeneously; CO2 reacted with H2S heterogeneously on the sulfide surface. COS formation by CO and CO2 was suppressed by H2 and water. Water also severely hindered the reaction between ZnO and H2S and significantly decreased H2S breakthrough time. At low water concentrations, sulfur breakthrough was determined by the homogeneous COS formation; at high water concentrations, it was controlled by H2S breakthrough. Capacity loss due to COS formation and adsorption of water was also observed. Novel sorbent and process designs are required to improve the desulfurization performance.
source: http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie8008617
///////
Deep Desulfurization of Model Gasoline by Adsorption on Mesoporous CeMCM-41
Authors: T. Ke a;H. Xin a
Affiliation: a School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Institute of Technology, Jinzhou, China
DOI: 10.1080/10916460903070611
Published in: Petroleum Science and Technology, Volume 28, Issue 6 April 2010 , pages 573 - 581
Abstract
Cerium atoms have been introduced into the framework of MCM-41 by a hydrothermal synthesis method with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTMABr) as template, sodium silicate as silica source, and cerium chloride as cerium source. Desulfurization of various model fuels containing about 500 μg/g sulfur were studied over the synthesized CeMCM-41 with a liquid hourly space velocity of 7.5 hr-1 at ambient conditions. The sulfur adsorption capacity was 10.0, 11.8, 14.0, and 15.4 mg(S)/g adsorbent for thiophene, dibenzothiophene (DBT), 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT), and tetrahydrothiophene (THT), respectively. The charges on S atom in thiophene, DBT, 4,6-DMDBT, and THT, calculated by using density functional theory (DFT), are -0.159, -0.211, -0.214, and -0.298, respectively, implying that the S-M bond between the adsorption sites and thiophene is much weaker than that between the adsorption sites and DBT, 4,6-DMDBT, or THT.
Keywords: adsorption desulfurization; CeMCM-41; DFT; model fuels
source: http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~content=a919843852&db=all
///////
New Sorbents for Desulfurization of Diesel Fuels via π-Complexation
Arturo J. Herna´ ndez-Maldonado and Ralph T. Yang
Dept. of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
DOI 10.1002/aic.10074 Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com).
source: deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/34251/1/10074_ftp.pdf
///////
Desulfurization of high-sulfur jet fuel by mesoporous π-complexation adsorbents
Chemical Engineering Science, Volume 64, Issue 24, 16 December 2009, Pages 5240-5246
Hao Chen, Yuhe Wang, Frances H. Yang, Ralph T. Yang
Source: ScienceDirect
Low temperature H2S dry-desulfurization with zinc oxide
Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, Volume 127, Issue 3, February 2010, Pages 190-197
Hector F. Garces, Hugo M. Galindo, Luis J. Garces, Jennifer Hunt, Aimee Morey, Steven L. Suib
Source: ScienceDirect
Effect of hydrogen sulfide on the direct internal reforming of methane in solid oxide fuel cells
Applied Catalysis A: General, Volume 354, Issues 1-2, 15 February 2009, Pages 1-7
Tyler R. Smith, Anthony Wood, Viola I. Birss
Source: ScienceDirect
Effect of thermal oxidation of activated carbon surface on its adsorption towards dibenzothiophene
Chemical Engineering Journal, Volume 148, Issues 2-3, 15 May 2009, Pages 242-247
Moxin Yu, Zhong Li, Qiaona Ji, Shuwen Wang, Dagen Su, Y.S. Lin
Source: ScienceDirect
Direct synthesis of Cu–SBA-16 by internal pH-modification method and its performance for adsorption of dibenzothiophene
Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, Volume 130, Issues 1-3, May 2010, Pages 248-254
Asma Tufail Shah, Baoshan Li, Zaki Elgin Ali Abdalla
Source: ScienceDirect
Nature and spatial distribution of sulfur species in a sulfated barium-based commercial lean NOx trap catalyst
Catalysis Today, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 18 February 2010
Jae-Soon Choi, William P. Partridge, Michael J. Lance, Larry R. Walker, Josh A. Pihl, Todd J. Toops, Charles E.A. Finney, C. Stuart Daw
Source: ScienceDirect
Liquid phase desulfurization of jet fuel by a combined pervaporation and adsorption process
Fuel Processing Technology, Volume 90, Issue 3, March 2009, Pages 458-464
Y. Wang, J. Latz, R. Dahl, J. Pasel, R. Peters
Source: ScienceDirect
Mesoporous silica as selective sorbents for removal of sulfones from oxidized diesel fuel
Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, Volume 124, Issues 1-3, August-September 2009, Pages 94-99
A. Nanoti, S. Dasgupta, A.N. Goswami, B.R. Nautiyal, T.V. Rao, B. Sain, Y.K. Sharma, S.M. Nanoti, M.O. Garg, P. Gupta
Source: ScienceDirect
Deep desulfurization of model gasoline by selective adsorption on Ag+/Al-MSU-S
Catalysis Today, Volume 149, Issues 1-2, 15 January 2010, Pages 138-142
Chunmei Meng, Yunming Fang, Lijun Jin, Haoquan Hu
Source: ScienceDirect
Influence of thiophene on the isooctane reforming activity of Ni-based catalysts
Journal of Catalysis, Volume 271, Issue 1, 12 April 2010, Pages 140-152
Joseph M. Mayne, Andrew R. Tadd, Kevin A. Dahlberg, Johannes W. Schwank
Source: ScienceDirect
Sunday, April 25, 2010
Technology Tip: Deli.cio.us (social bookmarking)
"Why ask why? If it's raining it just is." -- Douglas Horton, American Protestant clergyman (1891-1968)
If you bookmark interesting sites … and who doesn’t … you’ve probably noticed how difficult it is to keep track of them. Even if you organize them into folders, it can be hard to remember exactly where a given bookmark is located when you need it.
Social bookmarking services like Deli.Cio.Us (www.delicious.com) can help.
Why use it? Many reasons. Here are three …
One: tagging. Unlike folders, where you have to pick one folder to describe a site, in Deli.Cio.Us you can use as many tags as you want to describe the site.
Two: describing … A few sentences copied from the site’s “About” page can often help remind you why you bookmarked the site in the first place. Deli.Cio.Us provides a description field that enables you to paste those sentences for future reference
Three: sharing … Share the tags and descriptions of your bookmarks with colleagues by inviting them to join Deli.Cio.Us so they can see your bookmarks. Your reputation as an expert will be enhanced.
I have posted a number of my desulfurization bookmarks to a Deli.Cio.Us account … view them at http://delicious.com/jeansteinhardt
Lean more about Deli.Cio.Us and other social bookmarking services from the following sources z ,,, …
Social Bookmarking
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_bookmarking
Delicious
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delicious_(website)
Rethlefsen, Melissa L. (9 2007). "Tags Help Make Libraries Del.icio.us". Library Journal.
http://www.libraryjournal.com/article/CA6476403.html
If you bookmark interesting sites … and who doesn’t … you’ve probably noticed how difficult it is to keep track of them. Even if you organize them into folders, it can be hard to remember exactly where a given bookmark is located when you need it.
Social bookmarking services like Deli.Cio.Us (www.delicious.com) can help.
Why use it? Many reasons. Here are three …
One: tagging. Unlike folders, where you have to pick one folder to describe a site, in Deli.Cio.Us you can use as many tags as you want to describe the site.
Two: describing … A few sentences copied from the site’s “About” page can often help remind you why you bookmarked the site in the first place. Deli.Cio.Us provides a description field that enables you to paste those sentences for future reference
Three: sharing … Share the tags and descriptions of your bookmarks with colleagues by inviting them to join Deli.Cio.Us so they can see your bookmarks. Your reputation as an expert will be enhanced.
I have posted a number of my desulfurization bookmarks to a Deli.Cio.Us account … view them at http://delicious.com/jeansteinhardt
Lean more about Deli.Cio.Us and other social bookmarking services from the following sources z ,,, …
Social Bookmarking
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_bookmarking
Delicious
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delicious_(website)
Rethlefsen, Melissa L. (9 2007). "Tags Help Make Libraries Del.icio.us". Library Journal.
http://www.libraryjournal.com/article/CA6476403.html
Saturday, April 24, 2010
Hart Study: Refiners with Low Sulfur Capabilities Likely to Fare Better over the Coming Decade
“The nectarine, and curious peach, / Into my hands themselves do reach; / Stumbling on melons, as I pass, / Ensnared with flowers, I fall on grass.” -- Andrew Marvell (English Poet, Politician and Satirist. 1621-1678)
News that can affect the direction of desulfurization research comes from many sources, including press releases like the following …
“HOUSTON, TEXAS (Jan. 12, 2010) – Low sulfur diesel and gasoline are likely to spearhead an economic recovery for the refining industry just beyond 2010, a study from Hart Energy Consulting shows.
"Strong global GDP growth (2.7%) in 2010 should buttress refined petroleum product demand, especially in the Asia Pacific region and other emerging markets. Over the next decade, global demand will grow by 1.7% annually and Asia Pacific will account for nearly half that increase. Worldwide environmental initiatives will spur even higher growth in lower sulfur products. Demand for low sulfur gasoline and diesel will increase by nearly 17 million barrels per day by 2020 (more than 70% increase). The oversupply situation in gasoline will be offset by a tight demand/supply balance for clean diesel.
"The full study covers petroleum product demand and supply, country specific and global crude and NGL production, as well as a thorough analysis of the impact of environmental regulation and public policy requirements. This year Hart Energy Consulting added a special review of the impact of current issues such as:
"o Developing climate policies on vehicle fleet and fuel quality and demand
"o Economic subsidies on supply & demand of renewable and low-carbon fuel
"o A short-term economic recovery: crude oil prices forecast, GDP forecast, vehicle
ownership projections, petroleum demand…”
source: http://www.hartenergy.com/pr/20100112_WRFS.pdf
Contact:
Terry Higgins (thiggins@hartenergy.com), executive director, Global Refining
I stumbled on the press release on a routine visit to the Hart Energy site, one of the sites among my bookmarks. Hart offers a number of interesting products … consider adding its Web to your bookmarks, as well.
News that can affect the direction of desulfurization research comes from many sources, including press releases like the following …
“HOUSTON, TEXAS (Jan. 12, 2010) – Low sulfur diesel and gasoline are likely to spearhead an economic recovery for the refining industry just beyond 2010, a study from Hart Energy Consulting shows.
"Strong global GDP growth (2.7%) in 2010 should buttress refined petroleum product demand, especially in the Asia Pacific region and other emerging markets. Over the next decade, global demand will grow by 1.7% annually and Asia Pacific will account for nearly half that increase. Worldwide environmental initiatives will spur even higher growth in lower sulfur products. Demand for low sulfur gasoline and diesel will increase by nearly 17 million barrels per day by 2020 (more than 70% increase). The oversupply situation in gasoline will be offset by a tight demand/supply balance for clean diesel.
"The full study covers petroleum product demand and supply, country specific and global crude and NGL production, as well as a thorough analysis of the impact of environmental regulation and public policy requirements. This year Hart Energy Consulting added a special review of the impact of current issues such as:
"o Developing climate policies on vehicle fleet and fuel quality and demand
"o Economic subsidies on supply & demand of renewable and low-carbon fuel
"o A short-term economic recovery: crude oil prices forecast, GDP forecast, vehicle
ownership projections, petroleum demand…”
source: http://www.hartenergy.com/pr/20100112_WRFS.pdf
Contact:
Terry Higgins (thiggins@hartenergy.com), executive director, Global Refining
I stumbled on the press release on a routine visit to the Hart Energy site, one of the sites among my bookmarks. Hart offers a number of interesting products … consider adding its Web to your bookmarks, as well.
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